This study examines the effect of managerial ownership, firm size, leverage, and growth opportunities on accounting prudence. This type of research includes causal research using quantitative methods. The population in this study were all mining companies listed on the BEI, as many as 28 companies. The sample in this study was determined by purposive sampling, so the full selection was 50 data from 10 financial statements of mining companies for five years. Secondary data was collected through the Indonesia Stock Exchange website and analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis with the Ordinary Least Square model using the Eviews Version 12 software. The results found that managerial ownership positively and significantly affected accounting prudence. Meanwhile, firm size and leverage have no significant positive effect on accounting prudence. Meanwhile, the growth opportunities variable has a negative and significant impact on accounting prudence. The suggestions given by the author for further research are expected to consider other factors outside of this research that can affect accounting prudence such as litigation risk, taxes, and public ownership and can expand objects to other sectors and extend the research period to provide better results and more accurate.

In accounting and auditing, the concept of cultural relativism was promoted by Riahi-Belkaoui (1995). He developed a cultural relativism in accounting model based on a cognitive perspective view. This theory suggests that different cultural groups "create different cognitions or systems of knowledge for intracultural communications and/or intercultural communications" (Riahi-Belkaoui, 1995, p. 53). Differences in culture can be seen in terms of the value systems held by a culture. Of the values-based conceptions of culture, one of the most important and useful for empirical research was provided by Geert Hofstede (Patel, 2004). Hofstede (1980a) and Hofstede, et al. (2010) developed six cultural factors: (1) individualism versus collectivism; (2) large versus small power distance; (3) strong versus weak uncertainty avoidance; (4) masculinity versus femininity; (5) long-term versus short-term orientation; and (6) indulgence versus restraint. The long-term/short-term orientation was developed based on the concept of Confucian dynamism, which is closely related to the teachings of Confucius and can be interpreted as having a pragmatic future-oriented perspective rather than a conventional historical short-term point of view (Hofstede, et al., 2010). Meanwhile, the sixth dimension (indulgence versus restraint) was developed from the literature on "happiness research" (Hofstede, et al., 2010). These last two aspect are still not widely understood and are also not directly correlated to the topic of this study. Therefore, these dimension are excluded from the investigation. In addition, the first four Hofstede's taxonomy has been applied comprehensively in cross-cultural accounting research. According to Hofstede (1984), there is solid evidence that the four factors he proposes are universal, even though the original data they are based on were taken from the values scored by multinational corporation employees. Although the data can also be assumed to be up to date, according to Jones (2007, p. 7): …more research is needed to capture the shifting cultural maps which are influenced by, and influence, globalisation and technology, however this is difficult to achieve and may have temporal value. As a result the work of Hofstede will continue to have value now and into the future. This paper presents the conceptual framework based on the findings in the reviewed literature. In auditing, the influence of culture has been investigated widely in relation to audit and financial reporting judgments (Chan, et al., 2003; Haniffa & Cooke, 2002; Lin & Fraser, 2008), auditor independence (Agacer & Doupnik, 1991; Patel & Psaros, 2000; Stevenson, 2002), and ethical perception (Arnold, et al., 2007; Ge & Thomas, 2008; Smith & Hume, 2005). However, cultural research on particular aspects of audit quality perceptions has not been analysed closely, even though cultural values are likely to have a strong impact on perceptions of audit quality. Recognizing the effect of culture on perceived audit quality can make regulators aware of market expectation. As a result, they will be able to improve actual audit quality through the legal and accounting standards they set. In this study, the authors collect data from selected journal articles that mostly provide a comprehensive view of cultural values map and their impact on perceptions. Every journal has a different view. The author participates in comparing these sources of information to create a comprehensive framework. Thus, this study used content analysis both relationship analysis and conceptual analysis. The authors collect data from the theoretical concepts of cultural dimensions and relational relationships of that variable that influence audit quality. Key findings derived from the qualitative study confirmed that the differences in perceptions of the importance of audit quality factors in one country could be due to differences in cultural characteristics. For further consideration, it is necessary to develop a questionnaire instrument or a list of interview questions to measure each indicator of a framework that has been developed and tested as a reliable instrument. Keywords: culture; cultural values; perception; audit quality

This study examines the effect of managerial ownership, firm size, leverage, and growth opportunities on accounting prudence. This type of research includes causal research using quantitative methods. The population in this study were all mining companies listed on the BEI, as many as 28 companies. The sample in this study was determined by purposive sampling, so the full selection was 50 data from 10 financial statements of mining companies for five years. Secondary data was collected through the Indonesia Stock Exchange website and analyzed using Multiple Regression Analysis with the Ordinary Least Square model using the Eviews Version 12 software. The results found that managerial ownership positively and significantly affected accounting prudence. Meanwhile, firm size and leverage have no significant positive effect on accounting prudence. Meanwhile, the growth opportunities variable has a negative and significant impact on accounting prudence. The suggestions given by the author for further research are expected to consider other factors outside of this research that can affect accounting prudence such as litigation risk, taxes, and public ownership and can expand objects to other sectors and extend the research period to provide better results and more accurate.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dimensi perilaku mahasiswa sebagai konsumen, yang meliputi kepercayaan, keamanan dan kemudahan, terhadap minat menggunakan mobile commerce bagi mahasiswa akuntansi. Penelitian ini mengambil responden terdiri dari 43 mahasiswa aktif pada Program Studi Akuntansi Univeristas Negeri Makassar yang dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Mahasiswa yang dipilih adalah mahasiswa yang telah memprogramkan mata kuliah pengantar pemasaran. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang selanjutnya diolah menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan mahasiswa atas aplikasi dan kemudahan menggunakan aplikasi berpengaruh positif terhadap minat mahasiswa menggunakan mobile commerce. Akan tetapi, faktor keamanan rupanya belum menjadi prioritas utama bagi mahasiswa dalam memilih dan menggunakan aplikasi mobile commerce. Meskipun salah satu variabel ditemukan tidak mempengaruhi minat menggunakan Mobile Commerce, namun secara simultan tingkat kepercayaan, keamanan dan kemudahan berpengaruh terhadap Minat Menggunakan Mobile Commerce. Secara keseluruhan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemanfaatan mobile commerce oleh mahasiswa ditentukan oleh kepercayaan mahasiswa terhadap suatu aplikasi, beserta keamanan dan kemudahan penggunaan aplikasi tersebut.

This study investigates the impact of service quality on the satisfaction and loyalty of RSUD Andi Djemma Masamba inpatients. Quantitative causal studies are included in this type of research. The population of this study consisted of 14,501 inpatients at the Andi Djemma Masamba Hospital. However, only 150 samples were used because this quantity met the minimum number of samples required for SEM model testing. Primary data sources were used for this study. The collected data will be subjected to a series of tests, including descriptive analysis, a data quality test consisting of (validity and reliability tests), a classical assumption test consisting of a normality test and an outlier’s test, and a SEM analysis conducted with the AMOS program to test the hypothesis. According to the findings of this study, the quality of service has a direct and significant impact on the satisfaction of inpatients at the Andi Djemma Masamba Hospital. At the Andi Djemma Masamba Hospital, service quality has a significant positive direct and indirect effect on the loyalty of inpatients. The commitment of inpatients at the Andi Djemma Masamba Hospital is positively and immediately affected by their level of satisfaction.