Salah satu dampak negatif modernisasi dan industrialisasi adalah pencemaran lingkungan. Perairan merupakan salah satu lingkungan yang paling terbebani bahan pencemar karena banyaknya limbah rumah tangga maupun industri yang akhirnya masuk ke lingkungan perairan. Salah satu bahan pencemar perairan yang paling membahayakan adalah logam berat karena bersifat non-biodegradable. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya penanganan maupun pencegahan terhadap bahan pencemar tersebut. Pengolahan limbah secara fisiko-kimiawi dinilai mahal, menurunkan biodiversitas, banyak lumpur yang dihasilkan, dan kurang efektif pada konsentrasi logam di bawah 50 mg/l. Bioremediasi merupakan salah satu metode perbaikan lingkungan yang lebih ramah lingkungan karena menggunakan agen hayati seperti bakteri, jamur, protista, dan tanaman. Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck merupakan mikroalga bersel satu yang banyak tumbuh di perairan tawar dan laut, telah dimanfaatkan masyarakat sebagai bahan pakan, suplemen, biofuel dan bioremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji potensi C. vulgaris sebagai agen bioremediasi terhadap cemaran logam berat Cd dan Pb skala laboratorium. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). C. vulgaris ditumbuhkan dalam media kultur yang telah diberi pupuk Walne selama 76 hari. Media kultur ditambah ion logam Cd dan Pb dengan 3 konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu  1 ppm, 3 ppm, dan 5 ppm, masing-masing 3 kali ulangan. Medium kultur tanpa penambahan logam dianggap sebagai kontrol. Kandungan logam berat dalam medium dan dalam sel C. vulgaris diukur dengan AAS. Hal yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah pola pertumbuhan populasi C. vulgaris, persentase penurunan logam Cd dan Pb oleh C. vulgaris, besarnya akumulasi logam dalam C. vulgaris, serta nilai Bioconcentration Factor (BCF). Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut terbukti bahwa C. vulgaris terbukti mampu menurunkan konsentrasi ion Cd dan Pb dalam perairan. Prosentase penurunan konsentrasi ion Pb dalam media kontrol, 1 ppm, 3 ppm, dan 5 ppm berturut-turut  70%, 80%, 62%, dan 52% sedangkan dalam media Cd pada konsentrasi serupa berturut-turut 67%, 79%, 56%, dan 51%. C.  vulgaris mampu mengakumulasi  Cd lebih besar daripada Pb. Berdasarkan nilai BCF  terhadap  Cd maupun Pb, C. vulgaris tergolong akumulator logam.   Kata kunci : logam berat, bioremediasi, Chlorella vulgaris,  bioakumulasi.

ABSTRAKHutan Tesso Nilo merupakan kawasan dengan tingkat keanekaragaman tanaman berpembuluh dan merupakan habitat bagi satwa terancam punah yaitu harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris sumatrae) dan gajah sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus). Kawasan ini tidak luput dari kegiatan perambahan dan di konversi menjadi perkebunan dan permukiman. Pembukaan lahan hutan akan mengakibatkan rusaknya fungsi hutan dan mengakibatkan musnahnya berbagai jenis flora dan fauna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui akibat yang ditimbulkan oleh perambahan hutan terhadap strukur vegetasi kawasan hutan. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei dengan menggunakan sampling vegetasi petak dalam jalur dilokasi hutan alam dan hutan terdegradasi akibat perambahan. Hasil dianalisis untuk mengetahui kelimpahan vegetasi, indeks nilai penting dan indeks keanekaragaman (ShannonWiener). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perambahan hutan mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan pada struktur vegetasi. Perambahan mengakibatkan penurunan jumlah kelimpahan vegetasi, nilai keanekaragaman, dan dominansi jenis (indeks nilai penting) baik pada tingkat semai, pancang, tiang dan pohon. Kata kunci: Taman Nasional Tesso Nilo, struktur vegetasi, perambahan ABSTRACTTesso Nilo forest is an area with a greater diversity of vascular plants and habitat for an endangered species, namely the Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) and the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus). This area was not spared from encroachment and conversion to plantations and settlements. Forest clearing will cause damage to forest functions and lead to the extinction of various species of flora and fauna. The purpose of this study was to determine the consequences caused by the encroachment of the structure of forest vegetation. The method used was a survey by sampling vegetation plots in the path of the location of natural forests and forests degraded due to encroachment. The results were analyzed to determine the abundance of vegetation, an index of the importance and diversity index (Shannon-Wiener). The results showed that deforestation resulted in a change in the structure of vegetation. Encroachment degrades an abundance of vegetation, the value of diversity, and dominance type (Importance Value Index) is good for seedlings, saplings, poles and trees.

Rawa Pening is a semi natural lake which is utilized for hydro-electric power plant,  caged fish culture, irrigation, and tourism. It belongs to one of the fifteen lakes which receives national priority to be saved and preserved because of its very poor condition as a result of eutrophication, sedimentation and degraded water quality. Eutrophication of  Rawa  Pening comes from the Water Catchment Area,  originating from farms, animal husbandry, domestic and industrial waste around the lake, and also from the water body itself, that is from caged fish culture. The fertility criteria of the lake water can be determined on the basis of the abundance and variety of phytoplankton and the total phosphorus content. The aim of this research is to find out the water fertility criteria of Lake Rawa Pening based on the abundance and variety of  phytoplankton, and the phosphorus content. Research began in July 2012 on three stations. Station I is an area with fishcage culture;  Station II is an area without fishcage culture, and Station III is the river inlet or water catchment area. Each station consisted of three different sampling areas. The phytoplankton abundance at the station without  fishcage culture is higher  (19012 ind/l) than at the fishcage culture station (14356 ind/l)  as well as at the inlet station (11058 ind/l), but the diversity index at the no fishcage station is lowest (1.80)  compared to the fishcage culture station (2.32)  and the inlet station (2.05). The fertility criteria of Rawa Pening based on the phytoplankton abundance and P-total  of  its water is eutrophic  going  towards  hypereutrophic.   Keywords : Lake Rawa Pening, Phosphorus, Water Quality, Euthropication

Jatibarang Reservoir is a dam built in Talun Kacang village, Kandri, Gunung Pati, Semarang t with the aim of Water Resources Management and flood control in Semarang City. The presence of Zooplankton in a waters has a close relationship with water quality and its interaction in the environment.The research aimed to find out the distribution and diversity of Zooplankton species in Jatibarang reservoir waters. The method used is Purposive Random Sampling method by dividing the sampling point into 4 research stations, namely Dermaga zone, middle zone, inlet zone, and outlet zone. From the result of this research, we get the type of zooplankton Brachionus sp., Cylops sp., Collotecha sp., Conochilus sp., Daphnia sp., Harringia sp., Rotaria sp., Keratella sp. and species from the Asphlanchnidae (Asphlanchinii) and Trichotriidae Family. The species diversity in Jatibarang reservoirs in each zone is low with abundance between 30-80 ind / L and the equalization and dominance of each low species. The dominant species is Brachionus sp. and Cyclops sp.  Water quality measurement results show the waters of Jatibarang reservoir is good for the life of aquatic biota Keywords: Zooplankton, Jatibarang Reservoir, Diversity.

The existence of the batik industry is economically enough to provide a great livelihood for the community. The increasing demand of batik by the community has an impact on the growth of the batik industries in various regions in Indonesia. However, this industrial activity has a negative impact in production of liquid waste disposal. In batik production process, the liquid waste was produced by more than 95% which is emitted from process of soaking, heating and rinsing. Liquid waste has the potential to cause environmental pollution and affect the condition of living organism, including humans. One of efforts to reduce pollutants in batik waste water is by using biodegradation. Biodegradation is usually carried out by a consortium of a number of microbes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of microbes for batik waste water degradation. Samples were taken from water and sludge contaminated batik waste water in the sewerage and river at Banyumas. Isolation and purification using the dilution planting method were conducted, to obtain pure culture using the pour plate technique, and maintenance of bacteria using streak culture. About 8 genus of microbes found in water bodies that have been contaminated by batik waste water are Mesophilobacter, Methylococcus, Agrobaacterium, Neisseria, Xantobacter, Deinococcus, Sporosarcina, and Bacillus. The result showed that BOD degradation in batik waste water by microbial consortium was about 85.71%. Regarding on the result, it can be concluded that bacteria found in the sewerage and river were able to degrade pollutant from batik wastewater.