Tingginya angka insidensi kusta pada orang-orang kontak serumah hampir sepuluh kali dibanding mereka yang tidak kontak serumah. Pada mereka yang kontak serumah dengan penderita penyakit kusta mempunyai resiko lebih tinggi tertular. Kontak sekali saja atau beberapa kali kontak dengan penderita kusta, orang tersebut dapat saja tertular penyakit tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keberadaan Mycobacterium leprae pada hasil pewarnaan kontak serumah penderita kusta pasca menjalani pengobatan. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi laboratorium dengan pendekatan deskriptif yakni melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui adanya Mycobacterium leprae pada hasil pewarnaan sediaan kontak serumah penderita Penyakit Kusta Pasca Menjalani Pengobatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Balai Besar Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Makassar dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 40 sampel.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat puluh empat (40) sampel yang diperiksa, tujuh (7) diantaranya positif BTA sedangkan tiga puluh tiga (33) yang lainnya negatif BTA. Hasil pemeriksaan basil tahan asam pada deteksi dini Mycobacterium leprae pada kontak serumah penderita penyakit kusta dengan hasil negative yaitu 82,5 %, 1+ yaitu 15 %, dan 2+ yaitu 2,5 %, oleh karena itu perlunya peningkatan kegiatan penyuluhan tentang kusta. Kontak fisik (Serumah) dengan penderita perlu diminimalkan. Hygiene perorangan seperti menjaga kebersihan tempat tidur perlu ditingkatkan dan sanitasi rumah perluh dipertimbangkan kebersihannya. Kata Kunci : Mycobacterium leprae, Kusta
According to the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018, the prevalence of pulmonary TB based on a doctor's diagnosis was in five provinces with the highest pulmonary TB, namely Banten (0.8%), West Java (0.6%), South Sumatra (0.5%), North Kalimantan (0.5%), Bengkulu (0.4%), West Kalimantan (0.4%), South Sulawesi (0.4%) In general, diagnostic methods for TB disease are carried out conventionally such as microscopic examination, culture and serology. However, this method has many drawbacks.The purpose of this study was to determine the number of pulmonary TB patients in household contacts with tuberculosis patients using the TB immunocromatography test. This research is located in the working area of Puskesmas Mamajang, Puskesmas Minasa Upa, Puskesmas Batua, and Puskesmas Jongaya Makassar. This type of research is laboratory observation with a sample size of 100 people according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. These results indicate that there are 8 (8%) new cases found in household contacts.The conclusion of this study found new sufferers in the community and it is suggested that a multicenter study be carried out so that a large sample size is obtained to see the risk factors for illness in family contacts with adult pulmonary TB sufferers and this research be continued and recommended for further research and follow-up for community service.
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