Abstract. Geothermal energy is classified as a clean and sustainable energy source, like all industrial activities, geothermal energy power plants (GEPP) technology has also some positive and negative effects on the environment. In this paper are presented by attent not only on environmental impacts of GEPP onto Büyük Menderes River and fresh water sources, which ere used for irrigation of agricultural fields from tousands of years in basin, but also on water quality contents like heavy metals and gases emition due to drilling and electricity producing technology of GEPP's. Aydın province is located in the southwestern part of the region and its city center has around 300000 population. The high geothermal potential of this region became from geographical location, which is held on active tectonic Alpine-Himalaya Orogen belt with active volcanoes and young faults. Since 1980's to 2016 there is about 70.97% (662.75 MW) of installed capacity by according to the Mineral Research and Exploration General Directorate, there are totally 290 well licensed (540 explore licenses and 76 business licenses), and 31 geothermal powerplants purposely installed. Topic is important because of number of GEPP increased rapidly after 2012 to now a days to 36 in whole basin.

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the major crops around the world. It has been produced for the food industry both as a carbohydrate and oil source in past decades. The purpose of research was to determine the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) fertilization on nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn) and fatty acid composition of corn seed. The study was carried out as a field experiment, randomized block design, including two different applications: fertilized (250-80-80 kg NPK ha-1) and unfertilized (control). The result of study indicating that fertilized (NPK) significantly affected saturated fatty acid content of seed as compared to control. Under the fertilize conditions lignoceric and arachidic acids were significantly increased, whereas myristic and palmitic acids were decreased. On the other hand, fertilization had no significant changing on unsaturated fatty acid content observed except eicosenoic acid. Moreover, Mn content of seed was decreased, while the other nutrient contents of seed were increased under the fertilized conditions. It could also suggested that further breeding work toward increasing oil content and especially unsaturated fatty acid composition with fertilization programs.

It is important to determine the requirement and application times as well as the form of the fertilizers in the foliar application of micronutrients. Objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of commercial foliar fertilizers containing equal concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn with chelated and non-chelate on some fertility properties of the cauliflower plant. Four different foliar fertilizers including two inorganics (non-chelated) and two organics (chelated) were selected. Results indicated that all of foliar fertilizer applications affected positively compared to control. It was observed that different chelating agents affected differently. Commercially named Fert-iz Combi, chelated with Phenolic acid/Lignin Polycarboxylate, gave the best results in terms of the amount of micronutrients in all plants. In terms of dry weight, the best result was obtained from commercially named Macro Combi, non-chelated, application. It can be concluded that the effectiveness of chelated or non-chelated foliar micronutrients depends on the severity of the deficit micronutrients on the cauliflower plants.

In unmanaged ecosystems, soil nitrogen (N) released through mineralization of organic matter constitutes the source of N for the plants. In agro-ecosystems, N is applied additionally as mineral or organic fertilizers in order to compensate N which is removed with products. Adequate and timely application of fertilizer N as dictated that by contribution of soil N to crop production is important for minimizing production costs from overuse of N fertilizer and for reducing possible environmental impacts. Using 15 N-labelled fertilizers, it has now been convincingly proved that majority of the plant N comes from the soil N. Thus, soil N plays a vital role in supplying N to crop plants and dictates the efficiency of applied fertilizer N. Size of available N pool, though relatively small as compared to total soil N, throughout the crop growth season determines whether crop gets adequate N nutrition or N is lost from the soil-plant system. As fertilizer N contributes directly to available N pool and by N substitution to the soil organic matter pool, N management at that point following the principles of synchrony between crop N need and application of N through soil and fertilizer N can lead to high fertilizer NUE (nitrogen use efficiency). Evaluation of site-based N management in cereals using gadgets like chlorophyll meter, leaf colour chart or optical sensors or OTG (on the go) crop sensing spreaders revealed that same yields can be achieved with less N fertilizer applied but with enhanced fertilizer NUE and diminished losses of N to the environment.

The Effects of Irrigation Waters With Different Boron Contents on Barley and Wheat Plants *Bu makale, 1-4 Eylül 2015 tarihlerinde 4. Uluslararası Katılımlı Toprak ve Su Kaynakları Kongresinde poster bildiri olarak sunulmuştur. ÖZAmaç: Bor (B) toksitesine karşı yarı dayanıklı bitki olan arpa ile buğday bitkilerinin farklı konsantrasyonlarda bor içeren sularla sulanması ile gelişme durumları ve bor toksitesine karşı dayanıklılıkları araştırılmıştır. Materyal ve Metot:Çalışmada farklı bor konsantrasyonlarına sahip sulama suları ile Kaşifbey ekmeklik buğday çeşidi ve Barbaros (6 sıralı) arpa çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Bor konsantrasyonları, disodyum oktaborat (Na₂ B₈ O₁₃.4H₂O) kullanılarak (0 -0.5 -1.0 -2.0 -3.0 -4.0 -5.0 mg l -1 ) şeklinde oluşturulmuş ve bitkilere eşit miktarlarda sulama suyu olarak verilmiştir. Deneme sonunda saksı toprağında bor değerleri, bitkilerde ise boy, başak sayısı, % kuru madde ve tüm bitkide bor değerleri belirlenmiştir.Bulgular: Buğday yetiştirilen toprakların hasat sonrası bor konsantrasyonu (12.18 mg kg -1 ) arpa yetiştirilen toprakların bor konsantrasyonundan (11.27 mg kg -1 ) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerin boy, başak adedi, yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık ve % kuru madde değerleri bor konsantrasyonu arttıkça kontrole göre azalmış ve 5 mg l -1 dozunda en düşük seviyede belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerin bor içerikleri artan bor konsantrasyonuna paralel olarak artmış ve en yüksek bor değeri arpa ve buğday bitkilerinin her ikisinde de 5 mg l -1 dozunda belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca buğday bitkisinin (48.60 mg l -1 ) arpaya (38.88 mg l -1 ) göre daha çok B kullandığı belirlenmiştir.Sonuç: Sulama suyundaki artan bor konsantrasyonun, arpadan negatif olarak daha fazla buğdayı etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir.