BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and explore the somatic, psychological, functional, and social or lifestyle characteristics linked to malnutrition in elderly people at a hospital in Turkey.Material/MethodsThis study included 1030 patients older than 65 years of age who were seen at the internal medicine and geriatrics outpatient clinics of the study centers in Istanbul, Ankara, Duzce, Corum, Mardin, Malatya, and Diyarbakir provinces between January and December 2014. All patients underwent Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) tests via one-on-one interview method. The demographic properties of the patients were also recorded during this interview.ResultsAmong 1030 patients included in this study, 196 (19%) had malnutrition and 300 (29.1%) had malnutrition risk. The malnutrition group and the other groups were significantly different with respect to mean GDS score, income status, educational status, the number of children, functional status (ADL, IADL), the number of patients with depression, and the number of comorbid disorders. According to the results of the logistic regression analysis, age (OR=95% CI: 1.007–1.056; p=0.012), BMI (OR=95% CI: 0.702–0.796; p<0.001), educational status (OR=95% CI: 0.359–0.897; p=0.015), comorbidity (OR=95% CI: 2.296–5.448; p<0.001), and depression score (OR=95% CI: 1.104–3.051; p=0.02) were independently associated with malnutrition.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that age, depression, BMI, comorbidity, and the educational status were independently associated with malnutrition in an elderly population.

Introduction: Leech infestations can lead to many symptoms, such as epistaxis, shortness of breath, obstruction of the upper respiratory tract, and hemoptysis. Leeches can often enter the body with drinking water or washing the mouth and nose.Case Report: In this case report, we presented a patient who was mentally retarded and admitted to emergency medicine with complaints, such as intermittent epistaxis, nasal congestion, sore throat, and shortness of breath.Conclusion: Finally, we understood that these symptoms were related to an oropharyngeal leech.

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Objective: Bone morphogenetic protein-15 (BMP-15) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) are the proteins functioning during ovarian follicular growth. We aimed to investigate the impact of serum and follicular fluid (FF) AMH and BMP-15 levels on outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (ICSI-ET) cycles.Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study was carried out with 82 patients attending ICSI-ET cycle. The women divided into two groups according to using either GnRH agonist (group1, N=38) or antagonist (group2, N=44) for pituitary down-regulation. Eight milliliter of serum samples were taken from the patients on the 3rd day of menstrual period (D3) and on the day of oocyte pick-up (OPU); and 8 mL of follicular fluid (FF) sample was collected during OPU. AMH and BMP-15 measurements were carried with ELISA method quantitatively. Results:The mean age and body mass index of population were 30.6 ± 5.2 years and 25.5±4.2 kg/m 2 respectively. The comparison of pregnancy rates between women according to having FF AMH (35% vs 42%) and FF BMP-15 (37.8% vs 40.5%) levels under and above of the mean values revealed no significant difference. Serum AMH levels showed negative correlation with fertilization rate (FR). D3 BMP-15 level showed positive correlation with progesterone level and endometrial thickness on the day of hCG injection.Conclusions: AMH and BMP-15 monitoring during ICSI-ET cycles for predicting cycle outcomes should be evaluated with further studies.