Azadipyrromethene-based zinc(II) complexes were demonstrated to be promising molecular organic semiconductors for electronic applications due to their easy preparation, tunable structures, and high electron affinity. The first successful such complex incorporated phenylethynyl groups at the pyrrolic positions, which red-shifted the absorption spectra of zinc(II) bis(tetraphenyl azadipyrromethene) and improved the morphology in blends with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). We recently discovered that replacing the phenyl group in the pyrrolic positions with the larger 1-naphthyl group [Zn(L2) 2 ] increases the crystallinity and improves the organic photovoltaic (OPV) performance. In this work, two more aryl groups were explored to further investigate the relationship between the aryl groups in the pyrrolic position and electronic properties: naphthyl with a different anchoring site, 2-naphthyl [Zn(L3) 2 ], and a larger aryl group, 9phenanthrenyl [Zn(L4) 2 ]. The larger aryl group slightly improved the absorptivity, red-shifted the absorption spectra, and led to different packing modes in crystals with most intermolecular π−π stacking interactions being of T-shaped-type involving the pyrrolic aryl group of one complex. Of the series, 1-naphthyl gave the highest crystallinity. The organic photovoltaic (OPV) power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Zn(L3) 2 and Zn(L4) 2 when blended with P3HT was 3.7 and 3.4%, respectively, both lower than that of Zn(L2) 2 (PCE of 5.5%) due to the higher trap-assisted recombination and less favorable morphology. The charge carrier mobility in these complexes was also relatively low, also limiting the performance. Single-point energy calculations point to low overlap integrals as a cause for the low mobility. The aryl group anchoring position and size, therefore, have a large effect on the properties in these systems, but do not appear to significantly enhance intermolecular interactions.

As one of the leading enterprises in the semiconductor industry, Nvidia has many advantages and opportunities in the development process, but there are also many threats and challenges. In financial analysis, investors' research on the company's financial statements will help them fully understand the company's operating conditions. This paper will take Nvidia as an example, and propose an improved weighted SWOT model by analyzing the company's annual report, financial authority data, relative valuation, local government policies, media news and other factors. The output result of the model will represent whether the company is worth investing. The conclusion of this paper is that the negative coefficient of feedback in the model shows that Nvidia is not a good investment object in the short term. After verification, the model can provide investors with more rigorous and scientific analysis methods to avoid impulsive investment.

The homoleptic zinc(II) complex of [2,8-di(1naphthylethynyl) 3,7-diphenyl 1,9-(4-hexylphenyl)azadipyrromethene (ZnL2) 2 ] is a promising non-planar nonfullerene acceptor for organic photovoltaic applications, but it has a relatively low electron mobility that may limit its performance. Here, we explored the fluorination of peripheral aryl groups to increase intermolecular cofacial π−π stacking interactions, which are desirable for electron transport. Complexes with fluorine on the distal phenyls [Zn(1F-L2) 2 ], on the naphthyls [Zn(2F-L2) 2 ], and on both [Zn(3F-L2) 2 ] were synthesized and characterized. All three complexes had similar optical and electrochemical properties. The crystal packing structure of Zn(2F-L2) 2 and Zn(3F-L2) 2 revealed cofacial parallel-displaced π−π stacking between the fluorinated 1-naphthylethynyl groups. Such a cofacial orientation was not observed in Zn(L2) 2 crystals, suggesting that fluorination of the naphthyl groups promotes the cofacial π−π stacking orientation. The hole mobility increased from 1.0 × 10 −4 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for Zn(L2) 2 to 0.8−1.0 × 10 −3 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for the fluorinated complexes. Fluorination on the naphthyl groups increased the electron mobility from 4.2 × 10 −5 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for Zn(L2) 2 and Zn(1F-L2) 2 to 2.0 × 10 −4 cm 2 V −1 s −1 for Zn(2F-L2) 2 and Zn(3F-L2) 2 , consistent with cofacial π−π stacking being favorable for electron transport. The three complexes were tested in OPVs using regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the p-type material, and the best power conversion efficiencies were 5.2, 5.4, and 5.8% for Zn(2F-L2) 2 , Zn(1F-L2) 2 , and Zn(3F-L2) 2 , respectively, compared to 5.5% for Zn(L2) 2 . The fluorination combination found in Zn(3F-L2) 2 resulted in the best device performance. This study points to a viable strategy to increase the electron mobility and performance of non-planar zinc(II) complexes of azadipyrromethene.