The aim of this study was to examine the effects of vitamin C on malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in chickens stressed by adrenocorticotropin (ACTH). Sixty Leghorn chickens (20 weeks old) were randomly allotted to a control and a vitamin C treated group. An isotonic sodium chloride solution was administrated intramuscularly for a period of five days to the control group at a dose of 2.5 mL per chicken per day, and the treatment group received a vitamin C solution (containing 250 mg vitamin C/2.5 mL) intramuscularly for five days. On the fifth day of the experiment the chickens in both groups received 50 IU ACTH intramuscularly. Three hours after ACTH application blood samples were collected to determine the concentrations of MDA and GSH, and activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the blood. The concentration of MDA in the control group increased compared to that in the vitamin C treated group. After the ACTH application the activity of SOD increased in both groups, thought significantly so in the vitamin C treated group. The GSH-Px activity did not differ significantly between the treatments after ACTH application. It was concluded that intramuscularly administrated vitamin C facilitated an adaptation against stress and decreased negative effects of stress in chickens.

Öz: Bu çalışmada cyclophosphamide (CYP) ile indüklenen nefrotoksisitede Naringin'in protektif etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmamızda yaklaşık 200-250 g ağırlığında, 40 adet erkek erişkin Sprague Dawley ırkı rat kullanıldı ve 5 grup oluşturuldu. Hematolojik ve biyokimyasal parametrelerin ölçümü Abocus Junior Vet5 hemogram cihazında rat modunda ve Modüler PP otoanalizöründe yapıldı. CYP'li gruplarda alyuvar sayısı, akyuvar sayısı, hematokrit değer, trombosit sayısı ve lenfosit (%) düşmesine rağmen, nötrofil (%) ve monosit (%) miktarı arttı (P<0.05). CYP gruplarında potasyum (K) ve sodyum (Na) düzeyinde istatistiki anlamda (P<0.05) düşüş görülürken, fosfor (P), magnezyum (Mg), klor (CI) ve kalsiyum (Ca)'da düşüş görülmedi. Böbrek fonksiyon testlerinden glikoz, kreatin ve ürik asit seviyeleri istatistiki açıdan anlamlı bir şekilde yükselirken (P<0.05), üre, BUN ve laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH) değerlerindeki yükseliş ise anlamsız bulundu. Histopatolojik incelemede; CYP'nin etkisiyle böbrek dokusu tubul epitellerinde şiddetli hidropik dejenerasyon ve koagulasyon nekrozu, Bowman kapsülünde dilatasyon, intersitisyel damarlarda ve glomeruluslarda hiperemi belirlendi. Böbrekte oluşan bu hasarların Naringin'in sitoprotektif etkisiyle doza bağlı olarak azaldığı saptandı. Naringin'in farklı dozlarının, CYP'nin olumsuz etkilerini ve nefrotoksisiteyi baskılama etkisine sahip olduğu tespit edildi.

In this study, it was aimed to assess the effects of core training on the vertical jump strength and some motor characteristics of 14-16 aged female volleyball players. Thirty-four female athletes playing volleyball in Van province participated in the study voluntarily. The average age of volleyball players is 15.47, the weight average is 53.66 kg and the average height is 164.29 cm. The athletes participating in the study were randomly divided into two groups as control groups (n=17) and experimental groups (n=17). Control group joined only the volleyball training. Experimental group participated in the 10-week, 3-days-a-week core training in addition to the volleyball training. Measurements were taken before and after the study. Intra-group and inter-group, pre-test, post-test values were calculated using SPSS package program. The students' t-test was used to compare pre-training and post-training tests of control group and experimental groups. The paired sample (dependent sample) t-test was used to compare the first and last tests of both groups. Vertical jumping, upper extremity strength, lower extremity strength, strength of the trunk muscles were found to be improved and body fat percentages were found to be decreased in the experimental group. As a result, it can be said that a 10 week core training improved jumping strength and core strength.

Purpose: Footedness as a predictor of brain hemispheric dominance cause performance differences in movement and sports performance. This study aimed to investigate the 30 m sprint speed difference between unilateral and bilateral foot dominance in 156 male and 37 female athletes.Material Method: It was assumed that all participants exerted maximum effort during 30 m sprint test in the entrance examination for schools of physical education and sports. The participants with right and left foot dominance were accepted as “unilateral footed” while participants kicking the ball with two foot were recognized as “bilateral footed”. For testing differences between two groups Mann Whitney U tests were used.Results: There was only significant difference in the second attempt of 30 meters sprints between unilateral and bilateral footed male participants. Bilateral footed males were 2.81% faster than unilateral footers. Sprint speed difference was 11.97% for first trial and 10.43% for second trial in between unilateral and bilateral footed female participants. However, this difference was statistically insignificant due to lower number of bilateral athletes in our study.Conclusion: Unilateral and bilateral foot dominance can be useful criteria in the selection of talented sprinters and in the planning and monitoring of training.

This study aims to observe the possible negative effects that might occur on bio-chemistry and hemogram values of tennis players during the intense competition period by comparing the blood values of pre-competition period with 10 days of intense exercise. Blood samples were obtained from tennis team players who do not have any specific health problems and who study in university and regularly exercise. Mean age of the athletes are 22,40 ± 3,20 years and mean height is 179,83 ± 7,57 cm. This study is performed with 14 volunteer tennis players. Blood samples are obtained during the first day of the intense exercise program after the exercise, last day of the exercises and also right after the exercises. As per the obtained data, descriptive statistics are run (mean and standard deviation) and in order to compare the values of before and after the 10 days of intense exercise, Wilcoxon two related sample test was used. As per the results of the blood tests from before and after the exercise period, it is seen that values such as AST, ALT, MCH, MCHC and CK showed statistical significance (P<0.05). The athletes who prepared for the competitions with these values showed positive increases in bio-chemistry and hemogram values.