A new adaptive method of wavefront sensing is proposed and demonstrated. The method is based on the Talbot self-imaging effect, which is observed in an illuminating light beam with strong second-order aberration. Compensation of defocus and astigmatism is achieved with an appropriate choice of size of the rectangular unit cell of the diffraction grating, which is performed iteratively. A liquid-crystal spatial light modulator is used for this purpose. Self-imaging of rectangular grating in the astigmatic light beam is demonstrated experimentally. High-order aberrations are detected with respect to the compensated second-order aberration. The comparative results of wavefront sensing with a Shack-Hartmann sensor and the proposed sensor are adduced.

A holographic wavefront sensor based on the Talbot effect is proposed. Optical wavefronts are measured by sampling the light amplitude distribution with a two-dimensional (2D) precorrected holographic grating. The factors that allow changing an angular measurement range and a spatial resolution of the sensor are discussed. A comparative analysis with the Shack-Hartmann sensor is illustrated with some experimental results.

No abstract

The results obtained at simulating the functioning of an adaptive sensor based on the Talbot effect are reported. The input grating period was varied depending on the examined wavefront shape and provided the constant observation plane corresponding to the Talbot plane for a plane wave. Using the spherical and astigmatic wavefronts as an example, it is shown that this method can make the sensor measurement range several times wider, by retaining the original angular sensitivity. K e y w o r d s: wavefront, Talbot effect, wavefront sensor.

No abstract