Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a clinical syndrome mainly characterized by generalized chronic pain, fatigue, sleep and cognition disorders. The role played by vitamin D in the pathophysiology of painful syndromes is poorly known. Studies assessing the association between vitamin D and FM have presented conflicting results. The aims of the current study were to assess vitamin D levels in FM patients, by comparing them to healthy controls, as well as to analyze their impact on this disease.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 43 FM patients (ACR 2010 criteria) and 40 healthy individuals. All participants had their vitamin D levels measured, and FM patients also had their total calcium, albumin, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) measured. Clinical variables capable of affecting the results were evaluated and the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ) was applied.Results: There was not statistically significant difference in global mean values of vitamin D between groups. In the total sample, only 4.8% of the individuals had vitamin D deficiency, which corresponded to the deficiency found in the group of patients; in the control, no one had vitamin deficiency; 39.8% had insufficient levels and 55.4% with sufficient levels. The mean serum vitamin D values were similar between the FM and control groups (34.8 ± 12 and 34.7 ± 12.3 ng/ mL, respectively; P = 0.806). However, a significant negative correlation was found between vitamin D concentration and FIQ values, that is, patients with the greatest impact of the disease had lower concentrations of vitamin D (P = 0.018). Conclusion: FM patients did not present higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency than healthy individuals, although low vitamin D concentrations could indicate more severe disease impacts.

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Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as implicações do uso de cafeína por atletas e seus efeitos no desempenho em esportes competitivos. Nossa hipótese é que as propriedades ergogênicas da cafeína são benéficas para o desempenho do exercício em todos os tipos de intensidade e duração, embora seu maior efeito possa ser observado em atividades aeróbicas sustentadas de alta intensidade. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura com meta-análise e meta-resumo sobre os efeitos da cafeína na atividade física. A revisão é baseada em publicações científicas encontradas na National Library of Medicine (Medline) disponíveis na Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina dos Estados Unidos (PubMed), acessada em http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed e SCOPUS (Elsevier) por meio do Portal CAFe CAPES, acesso via http://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br/. Esta pesquisa foi realizada seguindo as recomendações metodológicas do PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). A cafeína influencia a atividade física de forma linear, pois mudanças na variável cafeína acompanham mudanças na variável atividade física. Para interpretação, devem ser consideradas as variáveis independentes relacionadas à atividade física como idade e estilo de vida e dependentes considerando o desfecho da influência na atividade física. O número de estudos observados para alguns efeitos da cafeína na atividade física confirmou os efeitos ergogênicos da cafeína. Foi visto que os atletas seriam mais beneficiados em eventos de uma hora de duração se consumissem quantidades

Although the most common Chikungunya (do not capitalize the disease unless it is named after a proper noun such as Zika, Ebola or Carrion’s Disease) manifestations are osteoarticular, those which bring the most morbidity and mortality are neurological, where thorough mapping through studies with a methodological outline have not yet been well structured. Therefore, the objective was to review the literature to identify neurological manifestations of CHIKV. We used the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PubMed with the following descriptors: #1 “Chikungunya” [MeSH]; #2 “neurological manifestations” [MeSH] and their equivalents in the Portuguese language, selecting literature published between July 2007 to January 2018. From the 180 studies that were found, 30 were selected. Findings were divided into two subcategories: “Chikungunya: Typical Neurological Manifestations” and “Chikungunya: Severe Neurological Manifestations”. The studies show that headaches were characterized as the most common symptom in adult patients affected by CHIKV, followed by meningeal involvement. Meningeal involvement is also a more serious clinical scenario associated with encephalitis, convulsions, polyneuropathies such as Guillain-Barré syndrome and death. CHIKV is a public health problem for many reasons including its chronic potential complications. Given the neurological symptoms, this disease is concerning in age extremes, for patients with comorbidities and for patients with more than one viral infection by arboviruses, in whom the most severe neurological manifestations are more common.

The aim of the article was to analyze educational policies for higher education in refugee populations worldwide. Methods: Systematic review using the PRISMA protocol. The study period was from September 2015 to December 2017; and the keywords included "Refugees," "Education," and "University", combined with the Boolean operator "AND." The statistic. For primary selection was the analysis of titles and abstracts, followed by eligibility based on inclusion criteria previously established. Results: The 29 articles included in this review originate from the online newspapers G1, Estado de São Paulo, Estadão, The Washington Post, The Independent, The Guardian and USA Today. In relation to the subject addressed. Conclusion: In response to the refugee crisis several groups are mobilizing. There are a huge amount of institutions directly addressing the most difficult challenges of society, the university is a chance to start over in the long run. We need investment in scholarships and programs to get refugees from high school to university. It is the responsibility of global educators to make this commitment currently.