The study analyzes the coordinate time series of five permanent International GNSS Service (IGS) stations located in New Zealand. It also considers their annual movement from 2009 to 2018. The raw data in the form of Receiver Independence Exchange (RINEX) files were taken from IGS database and processes by means of online processing service AUSPOS. Using coordinate time series, horizontal and vertical displacement rates were calculated covering the ten-year study period. According to the results, stations located at the North Island of New Zealand revealed an uplift of 31-32 mm/yr. At the same time, stations placed on the South Island showed the 21-22 mm/yr of positive vertical displacement. Regarding the horizontal displacements, their rates increase in North-South direction over the study region. In particular, two stations of North Island, located at the North-Western part, appeared in 24-25 mm/yr displacement, and one station at the Southern part of North Island showed the 35 mm/yr displacement rate. Stations, established at South Island, showed the horizontal displacement rates of 41-56 mm/yr. This research confirms the main contribution made to the field of crustal deformation studies, including the updated values of displacements along with their directions over the recent years. The results of this study can be used for further geodynamics investigations as well as for finding the most likely earthquake locations of the current study area.

The aim of the work is to analyze and evaluate current methods for studying Earth’s surface subsidence-dip deformation processes of technogenically impacted areas and to classify these methods. The analysis of existed methods for studying the spatio-temporal changes in the Earth’s surface consists in their critical assessment based on studied literary sources and highlighting advantages and disadvantages of the geodetic methods for studying the deformation processes of hazardous territories (with landslides and failures). Applying the classification method, a scheme of geodetic methods used in the Earth’s surface monitoring of technogenically loaded areas was developed. The analysis and evaluation of actual geodetic methods for studying the quantitative parameters of subsidence-dip deformation processes has been carried out. Literary sources written by Ukrainian and foreign scientists are processed. The advantages and disadvantages of the studied methods are presented. The classification of geodetic methods for studying and monitoring Earth’s surface deformations has been developed. The obtained results can serve as a theoretical basis that allows for further improvement of the technology for studying subsidence-dip deformation processes of technogenically impacted territories in order to predict technogenic disasters, improve the environmental situation and ensure life safety. The presented classification structures the current geodetic methods of studying the quantitative parameters of the spatio-temporal changes of the Earth’s surface.

No abstract

The purpose of this work is to study the operation of a non-metric digital camera Canon EOS 5D Mark III installed on a DJI S1000 octocopter, regarding the accuracy of spatial coordinates determination on images, and perform the identification and analysis of errors affecting the accuracy of stereophotogrammetry survey. During the experimental part, we conducted the stereophotogrammetric and aerial surveys of the areas including marked points. This served as a source of data for creating stereo models with their subsequent processing with the use of the Delta 2 software. The catalogs of spatial coordinates of the marked points were formed according to measurements taken by the Trimble M3 DR Total Station and from stereo models. We calculated the differences and defined root-mean-square error of determining the spatial coordinates of the points on images. Considering the specifics of the marked points placement on the studied sites, we also calculated the errors of image displacements caused by terrain. Additionally, the research studied the influence of camera`s forward motion on the accuracy of survey data of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The obtained results confirm the presence of residual distortion in the optical system of the Canon EOS 5D Mark III digital camera. This leads to the need to calibrate the camera for improving the accuracy of the obtained images for their further use in mapping, monitoring geomorphological processes and phenomena, creating a Digital Elevation Model, etc. Also, the study revealed the influence of forward motion of the survey camera and image displacements caused by the height difference of the survey sites on the accuracy of created stereo models. The authors proposed a configuration and created an experimental site of marked control points on the ground for calibrating a digital non-metric camera in conditions as close as possible to the real survey conditions. Considering the analyzed literary sources, it is more effective than calibration in a laboratory.

The publication is based on the research carried out at the Ukrainian Polar Station "Academic Vernadsky", located in the Antarctic region at the Galindez Island. The article establishes relationships between global climate change and changes occurring in the area of Galindez Island based on 3D models of the glacier surface. The article has two parts. The first one reviews software products (AutoCAD, ArcGIS, SketchUp, Digitals) used for three-dimensional surface modeling. We analyze their characteristics, and emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of each program for the purpose of terrestrial 3D modeling. In the second, experimental part of the research, we present 3D models of the glacier surface constructed using various software products. The result of the research presents the obtained model of Galindez Island including all relevant textures and buildings.