Spontaneous sinus arrhythmia (two dogs), pulsus alternans (three dogs), and pulsus alternans followed by sinus arrhythmia (one dog) were corrected by digital pressure or acupuncture at Yang Hsi (LI-5) locus while these animals were under halothane (MAC I) anesthesia. This locus which is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias is located on the medial side of the carpus. EKG, aortic flow, exhausted CO 2, aortic pressure and stroke volume were recorded continuously prior to, during, and following digital pressure or acupuncture. Cardiac arrest was produced by exposing two dogs to 1% halothane anesthesia in 6% oxygen, 10% carbon dioxide and 83% nitrogen. The animals recovered from cardiac arrest following acupuncture at the left Jen Ying (St-9) locus and changing from 1% halothane in the hypoxic mixture to 1% halothane in room air. Acupuncture without change from the hypoxic mixture to room air (two dogs) did not result in recovery. The Jen Ying (St-9) locus is found at the bifurcation of the carotid artery. Seven loci, Jen Chung (Go-26), Jen Ying (St-9), Tsu San Li (St-36), Chü Ch'ih (LI-11), Nei Kuan (EH-6), Yung Ch'üan (Ki-1), Yang Hsi (LI-5) were examined for sympathomimetic cardiovascular responses to acupuncture in twelve halothane (MAC I) anesthetized dogs. A good response (+++) was recorded at the Jen Chung (Go-26) locus, a moderate response (++) at the Jen Ying (St-9) locus, poor response (+) at Tsu San Li (St-36), Chü Ch'ih (LI-11) and Yung Ch'üan (Ki-1) loci and no response (-) at the remaining two loci, Nei Kuan (EH-6) and Yang Hsi (LI-5).

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The cardiovascular effects of morphine sulphate and/or acupuncture by means of electrocautery at Jen Chung (Go-26) were studied in 35 dogs. All animals were maintained under anaesthesia with halothane 0.75 per cent supplemented by the intravenous administration of suceinylcholine to allow controlled ventilation during a two hour period of monitoring. Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, [H +] (pH) Pat02, Pa02 and base deficit were measured in each dog.Morphine 0.5 rag. kg -~, administered alone as a single bolus, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased cardiac output, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and significantly increased stroke volume and pulse pressure in dogs under halothane anaesthesia. Acupuncture by electrocautery alone induced a significant increase in cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure with a significant decrease in total peripheral resistance following halothane. Acupuncture at Jen Chung (Go-26) for 10 minutes following the intravenous administration of morphine caused a significant increase in cardiac output, heart rate and mean arterial pressure with a significant decrease in central venous pressure and total peripheral resistance during halothane anaesthesia.The depressant effect of morphine on cardiac output, heart rate and mean arterial pressure in dogs under halothane anaesthesia appears to be reversed by acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen Chang (Go-26). Stimulation of this acupuncture locus could be helpful in resuscitating patients whose cardiovascular system is depressed by morphine and/or halothane anaesthesia.KEY WORDS: ACUPUNCTURE, Reversal of cardiovascular depression.

The cardiovascular effects of the administration of sodium salicylate (100 mg/kg), the administration of morphine sulfate (0.5 mg/kg) and acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen-Chung (Go-26) were compared in groups of dogs under 0.75% halothane anesthesia. Cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP), central venous pressure (CVP), total peripheral resistance (TPR), pH, PaCO2, PaO2 and base deficit were measured over a two hour period. A significant increase in CO, SV, PP, and CVP in addition to a significant decrease in TPR were observed following the administration of sodium salicylate. Morphine sulfate decreased the CO, HR, and MAP significantly while the SV and PP were significantly increased. Acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen-Chung (Go-26) produced a significant increase in CO, SV, HR, MAP, and PP and a significant decrease in TPR. This model was satisfactory in comparing cardiovascular changes evoked by a mild analgesic, sodium salicylate, a potent opiate, morphine sulfate, and acupuncture by electrocautery at Jen-Chung (Go-26).

The cardiovascular effects of moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) in 10 dogs under halothane anesthesia were compared to 5 dogs under halothane anesthesia without moxibustion and 5 dogs under halothane anesthesia in which moxibustion was effected at a neutral or non-acupuncture site. Cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, total peripheral resistance, pH, PaCO2, PaO2 and base deficit were measured over a two-hour period. A significant increase in cardiac output and stroke volume and a significant decrease in the total peripheral resistance were observed in the group which was stimulated by moxibustion at Jen Chun (Go-26). Heart rate, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure were significantly increase during the early part of the two-hour period in the same group. The cardiovascular effects of moxibustion at Jen Chung (Go-26) which were observed at the end of the two hours were also present in two dogs in which measurements were continued for two additional hours.