The article presents the results of research the dynamics of the length of the channel network of elementary watercourses within the territory of the catchment area of the Birlya river in the XXI century. The researched area is located in a zone of broad-leaved forests and characterized by high anthropogenic pressure on the landscape (high plowing and relatively high population density). The research is based on the materials of expedition work, carried out in the summer of 2020 and on geoinformation analysis of topographic map data. As a result of field work, the current position of the sources of elementary watercourses was realized, and the change in the length of rivers was calculated by comparing the position of it’s sources in 2001, recorded on topographic maps, with the position of the sources of rivers in 2020. Established the fact of multidirectional dynamics of the length of the channel network of elementary rivers in comparison with 2001 and the significant role of local conditions that determine this dynamics: the nature of agriculture, forest cover, ploughing, and the influence of animals.

The article presents the results of landscape differentiation of the territory of the state nature complex reserve “Ichalkovsky Bor” (Nizhny Novgorod region), performed at the hierarchical level of landscapes and stows. The research territory lies in the forest-steppe zone, and characterized by a rugged karst topography relief, high biological diversity, which determined its complicated landscape structure and great environmental and recreational importance. In 2020 it was decided to organize a geopark, based on the state nature complex reserve Ichalkovsky Bor. All these circumstances determine the high demand for the landscape zoning scheme, which is necessary for the effective organization of environmental and recreational activities. In the course of the research, 4 landscapes were identified, which included 33 kinds of stows. The work was carried out on the basis of field researches, conducted in 2015-2020, materials of remote sensing of the Earth, thematic maps, literature data, processed using GIS.

The article presents the results of research of lakes of the city district of Dzerzhinsk city, located in the Western part of the Nizhny Novgorod region, in the lowland Oka-Volga interfluve. The research was conducted in 2017-19 to research the largest lakes within the city district. Based on the results of the work, bathymetric maps of lakes were created, it’s main morphometric and hydrological characteristics were determined. On the basis of the received data hypotheses of the origin of lakes are put forward.

Аннотация. Статья посвящена процессу развития мышления бакалавров при выполнении эколого-исследовательской деятельности в тренинговой технологии обучения с учетом постнеклассических научных подходов. Мышление рассматривается как высшая форма познания в единстве его дисциплинарной и проблемной стилевых установок, исходящих из структурной неоднородности экологических знаний. Предлагается вариант интегративного тренинга для усвоения актуальных приемов и методов мышления на принципах целостности, последовательности, цикличности. Наряду с освоением когнитивных аспектов, у обучающихся формируется понимание ценностно-смыслового значения мыслительной деятельности, а также развитие коммуникативной и рефлексивной компетентности. Раскрыто содержание эколого-исследовательской работы и показана этапность реализации тренинговой технологии. Охарактеризованы проблемно-мотивационный, информационный, творческо-практический, рефлексивный этапы, включающие в качестве доминирующей групповую работу. Предлагается комплекс упражнений, направленных на развитие различных стилевых установок мышления при выполнении заданий в рамках национального проекта «Экология». Активность в выполнении заданий способствует освоению базовых научных методов, логики, профессионального языка и стиля экологического общения, составляющих основу развития мышления.Ключевые слова: мышление, постнеклассическая наука, дисциплинарная стилевая установка, проблемная стилевая установка, эколого-исследовательская деятельность, экологическая проблема, тренинговая технология, интегративность, биоразнообразие, экологический туризм, упражнение.

Introduction. The aim of the study is to comprehend the methodology of the landscape-ecological approach in the scientific activity of students in the conditions of its dynamic transformations and to develop a methodology for its implementation based on a level organization. A set of methodological provisions that characterize the universal features of the cognitive and practical-transformative activity of this approach is disclosed. The conceptual basis of the landscape-ecological approach integrates the natural-science, social, environmental aspects in the humanistic and holistic logic of cognition. It covers not only scientific concepts, but also value-semantic categories of sustainable development, forming a unified scientific picture of the world. The applied nature reflects the connection with real environmental problems and the possibilities of their successful resolution. The conjugation of the landscape-ecological approach and modern ideas about research student activity is revealed, the principles of its organization are substantiated. The position on the level structure of students' research activity is argued, the problem-referential, heuristic, creative levels corresponding to the subject preparation and cognitive abilities of students are determined.Materials and Methods. The study was carried out based on the results of the analysis of the research work of students at the Faculty of Natural Geography of the Minin University in the logic of its innovative changes, determined by modern requirements. The proposed system of methods of comparative analysis, comparison, generalization, conceptual modeling, level organization provided the necessary integrity, objectivity and heuristic conclusions.Results. Determination of the methodological foundations of the landscape-ecological approach in the organization of students' research work, which ensures the priority of complex, problem-oriented forms of cognition and creative activity, the development of the graduate's creativity, his professional competence and environmental culture. Development of principles for organizing research activities of students and methods for implementing the landscape-ecological approach in the educational practice of the university.Discussion and Conclusions. From the standpoint of modern scientific discourse, the variants of students' research work, combining classical and post-non-classical ideas of using the landscape-ecological approach, are considered. The advantages of the landscape approach and innovative features of student science, which are reflected in the developed methodology, are revealed. The proposed level structure of research activity contributes to the progressive movement of students from the problem-referential to the heuristic and creative level of cognition.