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The use of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles in industrial applications has been raised over the last decade. However, there is limited toxicology information available regarding the effects of MgO nanoparticles. In this study, cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity of this nanoparticle on SH-SY5Y cell lines was investigated. In order to assess the cytotoxicity effect, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to three different types of MgO nanoparticles (MgO 5, MgO 10 and MgO 24) for 24, 48 and 72 h. The concentration of nanoparticles ranges from 1nM to 1mM. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay. Neurotoxicity test was performed to determine the effects of MgO nanoparticles on human neural cells. Results indicated that MgO nanoparticles are not toxic to both undifferentiated and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. With further exploration, the safety and health concern regarding exposure of MgO nanoparticles can be verified since the increasing of using this nanoparticle in industry over the time.

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Hybrid solar cell (HSC) in a form of novel photovoltaic is considered among promising research topic due to its low cost’s preparation and environmental friendly solar cells. This paper concerns a systematic study on concentration of TiO2 and effect of coating techniques towards solar cells’s efficiency. However, this paper is limited to doctor blade and spin coating techniques only. These samples were then characterised based on morphology, thickness, optical absorption, electrical conductivity and solar cell’s efficiency using various techniques including FESEM, profilometer, UV-Vis and, autolab with irradiance of 100 mW/m2. From the results, TiO2/PEDOT:PSS with dye Eugenia clavifora (EC) obtained the highest efficiency of 1.33% using doctor blade technique compared to 0.00108% for spin coating technique. Sample thickness was obtained at 60.25 ± 1.20 nm corresponding to the concentration of TiO2 at 0.20 M. Thus, it can be conclude that, power conversion efficiency (PCE) was dependent to the deposition techniques of the thin film.

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