Analysis of long-term data on the state of populations of entomofauna in agricultural landscapes is of practical importance for determining the feasibility of chemical protection of agroecosystems. Through the example of species of a harmful entomological complex of winter wheat in different natural and climatic zones of Ukraine, the dynamics of the population size of insects under global warming and the indicator of the living planet index (LPI) have been studied.Indicators of long-term insect's population size were used as input data based on the results of state phytosanitary monitoring. According to the analysed data on the state of indicator populations during 2009-2017, the indicators of the population size and weighted LPI were constantly decreasing. The correlation between the size of an insect's population and the course of natural warming does not make it possible to unambiguously explain the state of populations by the effect of an increased amount of heat.
The planet is experiencing an era of the sixth mass extinction of biota. Of particular concern is the impoverishment of insect populations, which account for about two-thirds of all biota species on the planet and are important for maintaining ecosystem stability and providing ecosystem services. Plant pollination is one of the most important ecosystem services on which human food security and the functioning of natural ecosystems depend. The economic value of pollination of entomophytic plants by honey bees for global crop production is estimated at $ 518 billion per year. In Ukraine, research on the ecological and economic assessment of ecosystem services is not conducted enough, which determines the relevance of our work. It is established that the total cost of the ecosystem pollination service of only four studied entomophilous crops in Ukraine (sunflower, rapeseed, buckwheat and open ground cucumber) is UAH 149.11 billion, which convincingly demonstrates the economic relevance of preserving the biodiversity of pollinating insects.
Сільське господарство-галузь виробництва, що найтісніше пов'язана з використанням основних природних ресурсів: землі, води та повітря. Довгий час воно розвивалось з недооцінкою, а інколи навіть з повним ігноруванням законів природи, наслідком чого стало значне погіршення стану навколишнього природного середовища. Деградація ґрунтів, забруднення атмосферного повітря, поверхневих і підземних вод, зниження якості продуктів харчування та інші проблеми, спричинені нераціональним землекористуванням, з кожним роком загострюються все більше. Це викликає необхідність перегляду сучасної стратегії господарювання та підвищення рівня екологічної освіченості суспільства.
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