The effect of silicon compounds on the formation and growth of natural bone tissue is examined, and the concentrations of silicon compounds in different organ tissues are presented. The inductive action of different implantation substrates containing silica on the vital activity of cultures of osteogenic cells is described. It is suggested that the process resulting in bonding between bone tissue and silicate implantation material is affected by the presence of a substantial number of silanol groups on the surface of the material, which determine its high hydrophilicity. It is shown that the solubility of silicate glasses depends on the presence in them of a phase which corresponds to the composition of liquid glass, and its role in the biodegradation of the materials in physiological media is described.Modern surgical methods of treatment in medicine are aimed not at removing a damaged organ bur rather to restoring its biomechanical properties. John Wolf's law (1872) -at the root of every regeneration lies nature's aim to restore not form but function -is the theoretical validation for the development of these directions in surgery and medical materials science. For bone -plastic surgery W. Roukes (1893) proved that bone possesses functional form and structure because of the functional stimulation of cells, which intensifies blood flow to the bone and results in its growth and, vice versa, decreased nutrition results in atrophy.The advancement of restorative and replacement surgery became possible as a result of the development, first and foremost, of calcium -phosphate implantation materials which possess biological activity and stimulate the growth of bone cells. One such material is the porous apatite-silicate biocomposite BAK-1000, which as a result of the differentiated porous structure possesses osteo-conductivity [1]. Clinical experience gained over the last fifteen years of clinical experience in using implants based on the biocomposite BAK-1000 has demonstrated that this material is effective in neurosurgery and facial-maxillary surgery was well as in surgical stomatology. The advantage of this material over analogous calcium-phosphate composite materials is due to the presence in its structure of a hydrated silicate matrix, which makes its biological properties close to materials based on hydroxyapatite (HA) and bone protein -collagen [2].

The processes occurring during the production of glass fiber from glass with different chemical composition and the influence of hydrostatic forces, surface tension, and internal friction on the formation process are examined. The critical fiber formation temperature under conditions where the viscosity and surface tension of the molten glass are of different magnitude is determined. A new approach to evaluating the capability of glass to form glass fiber according to the ratio of the surface tension to the viscosity is proposed. A computational method of evaluating the formation rate of glass fiber with different diameters is given for the example of E glass. Some mechanisms of adhesion of organic polymers and protein molecules to a glass surface are presented.The rapid advancement of modern technology is making it necessary to create new, artificial materials with technical, technological, and performance properties which are superior to those of natural materials. Since the chemical and mineral composition, structure, and fabrication conditions can all be varied, the physical -mechanical, chemical -biological, optical, electrical, and other properties of the new technical materials can be varied over quite wide ranges. Glass fiber and different types of composite materials based on glass fiber have a special place among these materials.Glass-fiber materials are characterized by substantial thermal and chemical stability, high mechanical strength with relatively low density, good electric, heat, and sound insulation properties as well as inflammability. The glass compositions of glass used for the production of glass fiber (GF) and the assortment of articles using glass fiber is continually expanding; GF-based articles are finding applications in electrical engineering, aviation, aerospace, defense, medical, and other areas of technology.Together with the glasses which are conventionally used to manufacture GF, new types of glass are actively being developed and adopted: high-modulus glass with low and zero alkali concentration, whose rheological properties and quality differ considerably from those of glass with known compositions.The formation and, specifically, fiber formation capability of glass is determined by the ratio of two temperature-dependent process parameters -internal friction (viscosity), which is expressed by the dynamical coefficient of viscosity h, and the surface tension s. The ratio of the internal friction P h and surface tension P s forces determines the flowability of molten glass in the high-flow state within the formation temperature intervals.Conventionally, the capability of glass to form fiber is characterized by the ratio of the viscosity to the surface tension of the melt [1 -3]. This ratio is the fiber-formation indicator. Since the surface tension of quartz and silicate melts,

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