. 13. Ogawa M. Factors that influence proper management after repair of uterine rupture in the second trimester: rupture site or size, and involvement of protruding membrane. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 2016; 207: 9-12 РефератВ статье представлен клинический случай грибкового кератита в роговичном трансплантате. У пациента через 4 мес после сквозной кератопластики по поводу прогрессирующей язвы роговицы грибковой этиологии был ди-агностирован рецидив кератита. Была выполнена повторная сквозная кератопластика с последующим проти-вовоспалительным лечением, но через 3 мес в центре трансплантата появился инфильтрат белого цвета с чёт-кими границами, который был иссечён. Лабораторное исследование иссечённого фрагмента выявило мицелий грибов рода Fusarium, проведена антимикотическая терапия амфотерицином В 0,2% местно и итраконазолом внутрь в течение 3 нед. Через 1 мес после проведённого лечения зрительные функции оставались на уровне пра-вильной светопроекции, трансплантат был мутным на всей площади, отёк купирован, достигнута эпителизация роговицы. При осмотре в динамике через 2-3 мес болевой синдром отсутствовал, поверхность роговицы была гладкой без эпителиальных дефектов с помутнением трансплантата. Лабораторная диагностика является обя-зательной при подозрении на грибковую инфекцию. При проведении сквозной кератопластики при грибковом поражении роговицы необходимо иссечение инфильтрата в пределах здоровой ткани. Рецидивы грибковой ин-фекции в трансплантате роговицы происходят на границе «донор-реципиент». Ключевые слова: грибковый кератит, кератопластика, роговичный трансплантат, окуломикоз. Recurrence of fungal keratitis in corneal transplant T.I. Poltanova, N.Yu. Belousova Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhny Novgorod, RussiaThe article presents a clinical case of fungal keratitis in corneal transplant. A patient 4 months after penetrating keratoplasty performed for progressive corneal ulcer, was diagnosed with recurrence of fungal keratitis. Repetitive penetrating keratoplasty and subsequent anti-inflammatory therapy were performed, but 3 months later white infiltrate with distinct borders appeared in the center of corneal transplant that required removal. Laboratory investigation of the removed fragment revealed Fusarium mycelium; antimycotic treatment with amphotericin B 0.2% topically and intraconazole orally was administered for 3 weeks. In a month after the treatment visual function remained equal to correct light perception, corneal transplant was totally opacified without edema, and corneal defects re-epithelialized. Ophthalmologic examination in 2-3 months showed absence of ocular pain, smooth corneal surface without epithelial defects and corneal transplant opacity. Laboratory diagnostics is necessary in case of fungal infection suspicion. During penetrating keratoplasty for fungal corneal disease, corneal infiltrate has to be removed within intact corneal tissue. Fungal corneal infection recurrence in corneal transplant occurs at the donor-recipient interface.

Antineoplastic drugs are increasingly used in the treatment of diseases of the vision organ. However, practicing ophthalmologists often deal with lack of information about the choice of drugs with anticancer effect, their mechanism of action, dosage, route of administration, potential side effects including their prevention. Mechanism of action is presented for the most commonly used immunosuppressants in ophthalmology (such as metabolic antagonists, alkylation agents, antineoplastic antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies). Efficiency and routes of administration are described for cytostatics used for the treatment of intraocular tumors (retinoblastoma), for prevention and treatment of proliferative syndrome in ophthalmosurgery complicating the surgery for glaucoma, pterigium and refractive corneal procedures, and presenting the pathogenetic basis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and posterior lens capsule opacity. Possible local side effects of immunosupressors in ocular surgery are presented (epithelial and suture defects, hemorrhagic choroidal detachment, cataract progression, endophthalmitis, malignant glaucoma, toxic effect on the ciliary body, keratopathy, hypertensive maculopathy). Also, the issue of the use of cytostatics and immunodepressants for acute and chronic inflammatory eye diseases is discussed (for example, for uveitis, filamentary ke­ratitis, allergic blepharoconjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis and spring ophthalmia, adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, rosacea keratitis, ocular pemphigoid, recurrent chalazion, scleritis, episcleritis, painful bullous keratopathy, state after keratoplasty and refractive surgery of ocular fibrous capsule). Special attention was paid to the eye neovascularization and common use of intravitreal injections of monoclonal antibodies (ranibizumab, aflibercept) for premature infants’ retinopathy, choroidal neovascularization of various origin (in trauma, myopia, histoplasmosis), neovascular form of age-related macular dystrophy, secondary neovascular glaucoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. Need for search of new more effective and safe medicines with antineoplastic and immunodepressive action is emphasized for ophthalmology, eye surgery and medicine in general.