Le Burkina Faso est confronté à de graves problèmes de déséquilibres écologiques et de dégradation accélérée des ressources naturelles. De nombreuses forêts classées sont, de ce fait, menacées de disparition dont les facteurs sont d'ordres climatique et anthropique. L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser les incidences du climat et des actions anthropiques sur l'environnement de la forêt classée de Toéssin afin de proposer de meilleures actions de sa gestion. Pour ce faire, une recherche documentaire et des enquêtes ont été réalisées. Également, des images Landsat TM et ETM+ ont été traitées. Il ressort de cette étude que les pressions humaines qui pèsent sur cette aire protégée concernent principalement l'agriculture, l'élevage, la coupe frauduleuse du bois. Aussi note-ton que les populations riveraines ne sont pas impliquées dans la gestion de la forêt ce qui entraîne davantage sa dégradation. Le massif forestier de Toéssin actuellement fragile a besoin d'être protégé et bien géré. Pour éviter son déclassement comme d'autres, plusieurs actions doivent être menées dont des opérations de reboisement, de déguerpissement des champs clandestins et d'implication de tous les utilisateurs des produits forestiers dans la gestion de la forêt.

Article HistoryThis study carries out in three villages belonging to the two phytogeographical zones (South-Sudanian and North-Sudanian sectors) in Burkina Faso. It intends to describe the floristic composition and calculate three main woody species density of the agroforestry parks in those two phytogeographical zones. The methodology consisted, on the one hand, to measure the area of fields and, on the other hand, the floristic species inventory. The results show that parklands in Bala (South-Sudanian phytogeographical zone) contains 14 species from 14 genus and 9 botanical families: Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae-Faboideae-Mimosoideae, Bombacaceae, Anacardiaceae, Meliaceae Combretaceae, Sapotaceae, Moraceae, and Verbenaceae. The parklands of Toessin and Bonogo (North-Sudanian sector) are rich of 51 species, 36 genus and 22 families which are, in additional to those cited in Bala Rubiaceae, Fabaceae-Faboideae, Ebenaceae Rhamnaceae, Balanitaceae, Anonnaceae, Myrtaceae, Bignoniaceae, Moringaceae, Apocynaceae, Sterculiaceae and Lythraceae. The calculation of trees density showed that the dominant woody species in the parks of Bala are in order of importance Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa and Tamarindus indica. Their maximum densities are respectively 66; 8 and 1 trees/ha. On the other hand, in Toessin and Bonogo, north-sudanian sector Lannea microcarpa, Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa predominate with maximum densities respectively from 34, 38 and 3 trees/ha. Contribution/Originality:This study contributes to the existing literature concerning floristic composition and density of the ligneous in the parklands. This study uses a new estimation methodology: measure, survey. This study is one of the very few studies which have investigated in these aspects. This study documents the knowledge on the ligneous and distribution. Source: Field survey, 2015. CONCLUSIONThis study has allowed us to realize that ligneous flora of parklands in phytogeographical South-Sudanian zone includes species of the Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae-Faboideae-Mimosoideae, Bombacaceae, Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae. However, the results we have obtained are inferior to the previous which have revealed the presence more species in the family Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae-Faboideae, Annonaceae. Rutaceae, Boraginaceae, Ebenaceae, Tiliaceae, Celastraceae, Myrtaceae.Contrariwise, in the phytogeographical North-Sudanian zone, parklands are dominated by species of the Fabaceae-Faboideae-Mimosoideae, Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae, Combretaceae, Anacardiaceae and Moraceae.These differences in the floristic composition between these two phytogeographical zones would be tributary to climatic conditions. In the parklands of the phytogeographical South-Sudanian zone, Vitellaria paradoxa, Parkia biglobosa and Tamaridus indica are 3 predominant species. The density of Vitellaria paradoxa reached 66 trees/ha, whith an

In Africa, accessibility to drinking water is major problem for rural population. This study analyzes accessibility to the drinking water source in two villages in Burkina Faso. Data were obtained from household's surveys. In total, 221 households have been surveyed. Data analysis method is based on water accessibility of World Health Organization & United Nations Children Fund (2017) and Howard & Bartram (2003) approach. Results show that in Toessin village, more than half of the households have improved service or intermediate access to wells, whereas a small percentage have access to boreholes. Slightly over half of the households have a low service or a minimal access for the same quantities of water and sources. No household falls under the limited service state or does not have access to wells, whereas small number of the families do not have access to boreholes. In the Bonogo village, nearly one third of households have improved service or intermediate access to boreholes and a very small number of household have intermediate access to wells. The majority of the Bonogo household's access to boreholes fall under the basic service or a minimal access category, whereas accessibility to wells under the same category constitute slightly over half of the household. However, only a very small number of household in Bonogo have a limited service or do not have access at boreholes and wells. Overall, in terms of accessibility to drinking water sources, the majority of households in Toessin falls under the improved service or intermediate/minimal access for wells, whilst in Bonogo, most households fall under the basic service or minimal access to boreholes. It is necessary to dig new boreholes in Toessin in order to improve access to the drinking water.