Question Answering (QA)

Question Answering (QA) systems are gaining great importance due to the increasing amount of web content and the high demand for digital information that regular information retrieval techniques cannot satisfy. A question answering system enables users to have a natural language dialog with the machine, which is required for virtually all emerging online service systems on the Internet. The need for such systems is higher in the context of the Arabic language. This is because of the scarcity of Arabic QA systems, which can be attributed to the great challenges they present to the research community,including theparticularities of Arabic, such as short vowels, absence of capital letters, complex morphology, etc. In this paper, we report the design and implementation of an Arabic web-based question answering system,which we called "JAWEB", the Arabic word for the verb "answer". Unlike all Arabic questionanswering systems, JAWEB is a web-based application,so it can be accessed at any time and from anywhere. Evaluating JAWEBshowed that it gives the correct answer with 100% recall and 80% precision on average. When comparedto ask.com, the well-established web-based QA system, JAWEBprovided 15-20% higher recall.These promising results give clear evidence that JAWEB has great potential as a QA platform and is much needed by Arabic-speaking Internet users across the world.

Hypertension is the elevation in the blood pressure level, and it is responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Depression and anxiety diseases are the most common mental disorders globally. Depression is common among patients with chronic disorders, including hypertension, and there are conflicts regarding the correlation between hypertension and anxiety. To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles on the current subject starting from 2017 to 2021. The included searching terms included \"Prevalence of depression and hypertension, Prevalence of anxiety and hypertension, Anxiety among hypertensive patients, Depression among hypertensive patients.\" The inclusion criteria included full original articles conducted on patients with hypertension and assessed the prevalence of anxiety, depression, or both. We obtained 70 articles; only 10 articles were eligible for the inclusion criteria. The 10 studies included a total number of 2,581 participants and covered 6 countries. The findings of this systematic review showed that the overall prevalence of depression and anxiety ranged from 57.3% to 77.8%. The most-reported factors associated with the prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients included gender and educational level. The prevalence of depression and anxiety among hypertensive patients varied based on several factors and the stage of hypertension; however, they were highly prevalent in general. Adequate control of blood pressure is necessary.