This article attempts to identify specific features of some commonly used Russian fruit and berry raw materials (raspberry, dewberry, gooseberry, dogrose, strawberry, cherry, kiwi, bananas) by estimating the content of total protein, its fractional and amino acid composition. It has been proven that among the studied fruit and berry raw materials, the most protein-rich fruit is banana (0.92%), while the lowest mass fraction of protein is observed in kiwifruit and cherries (0.49 and 0.51%, respectively). Further, in the rest of the fruit and berries, the mass fraction of protein is in the range between 0.53 and 0.81%. Studying the generic peculiarities showed that out of the studied raw materials, raspberries and gooseberries were rich in albumin (the mass fraction was 0.24 and 0.25%); the maximum number of glutelins was observed in gooseberry and banana (the mass fraction was 0.52 and 0.63%, respectively). In cherry and kiwi, the lowest albumin content was observed (0.09 and 0.07%, respectively). Despite the low mass fraction of globulins in the samples of raw materials, it was maximum in banana (0.09%), which, together with the high content of glutelins, ensured high enough contents of total protein (0.9%) in it. The experimental data obtained during analysis of protein in fruit and berry raw materials revealed that these fruits contain both nonessential (valine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, phenylalanine) as well as essential (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, proline, serine, tyrosine, cysteine) amino acids, and the content of these are varies as per the fruits types.