The paper focuses on peculiarities of tall buildings and complexes, their typology and its formation in relation to their functional structure. The research is based on the analysis of tall buildings and complexes and identifies the following main functional elements of their formation: residential, administrative (office), hotel elements. The paper also considers the following services as «disseminated» in the space-planning structure: shops, medicine, entertainment, kids and sports facilities, etc., their location in the structure of the total bulk of the building and their impact on typological diversity. Research results include suggestions to add such concepts as «single-function tall buildings» and «mixed-use tall buildings and complexes» into the classification of tall buildings. In addition, if a single-function building or complex performs serving functions, it is proposed to add such concepts as «a residential tall building (complex) with provision of services», «an administrative (public) tall building (complex) with provision of services» into the classification of tall buildings. For mixed-use buildings and complexes the following terms are suggested: «a mixed-use tall building with provision of services», «a mixed-use tall complex with provision of services».

The aim of this study is to investigate the infl uence of passive use of geothermal energy in the architectural and planning solutions environmentally friendly homes. The article describes issues related to the relevance of the use of geothermal energy in constructing. Earth sheltered eco house is seen as one of the vectors of sustainable architecture of individual housing construction. Presents the advantages and disadvantages of objects that were built on the underground construction and therefore passively using geothermal technology. We reviewed the classifi cation of such buildings and their structure features associated primarily with the issues of heat saving and energy effi ciency. The main methods of the study were synthesis of theoretical base and studying the experience of architects, associated with the construction technology of earth sheltered buildings.

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УДК 721 И. В. ЖДАНОВА, А. А. КУЗНЕЦОВА, Н. А. КАЛИНКИНА СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ОЧИСТКИ ВОЗДУХА С ПОМОЩЬЮ НЕБОСКРЁБОВ MODERN TRENDS OF AIR PURIFICATION USING SKYSCRAPERS В статье освещается проблема загрязнения воздуха в больших городах. Выявлены источники загрязнения и наиболее распространённые загрязняющие вещества. Приведены примеры лидирующих стран с самым грязным воздухом. Рассмотрены расчётные показатели по рискам заболеваний и смертности. Выявлены основные факторы, вызывающие загрязнение воздуха. Предложены пути решения данной проблемы с помощью современных технологий. Проанализированы современные объекты, в которых применены инновационные приёмы борьбы с загрязнением воздуха, и их внедрение в реальное и концептуальное проектирование. Сделан вывод о необходимости комплексного подхода к данной теме, объединяя усилия всех стран.

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