The CMS collaboration considers upgrading the muon forward region which is particularly affected by the high-luminosity conditions at the LHC. The proposal involves Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) chambers, which are able to handle the extreme particle rates expected in this region along with a high spatial resolution. This allows to combine tracking and triggering capabilities, which will improve the CMS muon High Level Trigger, the muon identification and the track reconstruction. Intense R&D has been going on since 2009 and it has lead to the development of several GEM prototypes and associated detector electronics. These GEM prototypes have been subjected to extensive tests in the laboratory and in test beams at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). This contribution will review the status of the CMS upgrade project with GEMs and its impact on the CMS performance.

Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are a proven position sensitive gas detector technology which nowadays is becoming more widely used in High Energy Physics. GEMs offer an excellent spatial resolution and a high particle rate capability, with a close to 100% detection efficiency. In view of the high luminosity phase of the CERN Large Hadron Collider, these aforementioned features make GEMs suitable candidates for the future upgrades of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector. In particular, the CMS GEM Collaboration proposes to cover the high-eta region of the muon system with large-area triple-GEM detectors, which have the ability to provide robust and redundant tracking and triggering functions. In this contribution, after a general introduction and overview of the project, the construction of full-size trapezoidal triple-GEM prototypes will be described in more detail. The procedures for the quality control of the GEM foils, including gain uniformity measurements with an x-ray source will be presented. In the past few years, several CMS triple-GEM prototype detectors were operated with test beams at the CERN SPS. The results of these test beam campaigns will be summarised.

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In the few recent years computer sciences have been widely developed especially in communication spaces and Internet, therefore, a great need appear for security and safety of our information. Steganography is the science of hiding information or data (like a secret message) in other cover (like a digital image) in such a way that a normal person can't sense it. In this paper, four new methods were suggested in steganography systems to embed secret data in compressed images. Two methods are working in spatial domain, known as moving window and odd/even LSB, others are working in transform domain, known as odd/even DCT and DCT+DWT. The comparison results present that new methods are better than traditional methods in many characteristics, like (efficiency, security level, imperceptibility and robustness). The work was implemented using Matlab.

Information hiding, a form of watermark, embeds data into digital media for the purpose of identification and copyright. Several constraints affect this process: the size of data to be hidden, the need for robustness of these data under conditions where a host_signal is subject to distortions, for e.g., lossy_compression, and the degree to which the data must be immune to interception, modification, or removal by a third person.Here, we explore two techniques (DC watermarking scheme and Time Domain watermarking technique) for addressing the data-hiding process and evaluate these techniques in light of the copyright protection application. The measures (SNR, PSNR, NRMSE) were used to improve the results. Besides that the Matlab were used as a programming language in this paper.