This study was aimed to find out the competitiveness of tea exports in ASEAN during 2011-2014. Competitiveness indicates a country ability to compete with other countries in international trade activities. Constant Market Share (CMS) employed to understand the weaknesses and strengths of a country viewed from the effect of exports growth. CMS results showed that the major weakness of tea exports in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam is the effect of market distribution. Market distribution effect indicated that their exports to countries with a high demand for tea in the world. On the other hand, the strengths of tea exports in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam are the effect of world exports growth, commodity composition effect, and the competitiveness effect. Conversely, the major weakness of tea exports in Indonesia is competitiveness effect, while the strengths are the effect of world exports growth and the effect of market distribution.

Seiring perkembangan pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan Kartu Pra Kerja sebagai salah satu solusi dalam penanganan dampak COVID-19 dari aspek ketenagakerjaan. Anggaran senilai 20 triliun rupiah dinilai sangat besar dibandingkan dengan dampak yang akan dirasakan, khususnya pada saat seperti ini dimana para penyedia lapangan kerja cenderung membatasi rekrutmen pekerja baru atau bahkan merumahkan beberapa pekerjanya. Oleh karena itu, realokasi anggaran kartu pra kerja ke sektor pertanian dianggap alternatif yang tepat, mengingat sektor pertanian merupakan padat karya dan merupakan penyedia kebutuhan pokok masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) melakukan kajian peran sektor pertanian terhadap pembangunan ekonomi di Indonesia, dan  2) melakukan simulasi terhadap realokasi anggaran kartu pra kerja untuk intensifikasi pertanian. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik dan Kementerian Pertanian.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor pertanian memiliki kontribusi relatif besar terhadap pendapatan domestik bruto dan penyerapan tenaga kerja. Lebih lanjut, hasil simulasi realokasi anggaran menggambarkan bahwa kebijakan mengalihkan beberapa pos anggaran kartu pra kerja untuk intensifikasi pertanian merupakan hal tepat, terutama dalam kaitannya efektifitas penyerapan tenaga kerja dan penyaluran bantuan, serta untuk menjaga ketersediaan bahan pangan di masyarakat.Kata kunci: COVID-19, intensifikasi pertanian, kartu pra kerja, pengangguran, realokasi anggaran

As time goes by, the role of the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors in the Indonesian economy tended to decrease. This was inseparable from the development of industrialization and digitalization. However, it was difficult to find studies that provide information on how much this transformation happened, especially at the provincial level. Therefore, this research aims to determine how much the shifting in the agricultural, forestry and fisheries sectors in each province so that describe the sectoral transformations that occurred at the national level. The basic method in this research was descriptive analytical using secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics from 2010 to 2019. The analytical tools that used were Location Quotient (LQ) and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), and shift share analysis. The results showed that more than fifty percent of the total 34 provinces in Indonesia relied on the non-agricultural sector. Nationally, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sectors ranked fourth after the manufacturing, wholesale and retail industries; auto and motorcycle repair, and construction. In response to this, it was necessary to increase land productivity and increase the capacity of human resources in a sustainable manner. This aimed to maintain food security and prepare human resources to be more skilled in order to adapt to the shifting economic structures.

In general, the development of agricultural land usage change was illustrated through linear trend analysis without comparing it first with other trend analysis. As a consequence, it was assumed that the data will be in a straight line with a tendency for constant numbers over a period of time. However, the facts on the ground proved that the area of ??agricultural land converted into non-agricultural land was not always the same from year to year. The novelty of this research was to do a comparison between linear and non-linear trends to predict the development of rice fields, so that an accurate forecasting model was obtained. The aim of this research were: 1) knowing the development of rice fields area in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, 2) determining the appropriate forecasting model for the development of rice fields area in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, and 3) forecasting the area of ??rice fields in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The data that used came from BPS (Central Bureau of Statistics) from 1996 to 2017. The trend models being compared were linear trends, quadratic trends, and exponential trends. The results showed that the area of ??rice fields in the Special Region of Yogyakarta tended to decrease from year to year. The best forecasting model was an exponential trend. In 2017 to 2021, it was estimated that there will be a decrease in rice field area of ??221 hectares or 0.41 percent per year.