Introduction: Currently, dermatologists across India are inundated with cases of dermatophytosis presenting with unusual large lesions, ring within ring lesions, multiple site lesions (tinea cruris et corporis), and corticosteroid modified lesions, making diagnosis a difficult bet. This changed face of dermatophytosis has created a real panic among dermatologists. The recent prevalence of dermatophytos is in India ranges from 36.6–78.4%. Skin mycosis is the most frequent form of skin infections accounting for 20-25% of world population Dermatophytosis management has become an important public health issue, with a large void in research in the area of disease pathophysiology and management. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of Qooba in adult rural population of Pune, Maharashtra. Subjects in the age group of 30 – 60 years of either gender attending the outpatient departments of hospitals from the designated study areas were included for the study. The random sampling method was used to obtain the sample of studied population. Approval of the Institutional Ethical Committee was also obtained. Assessment of subjective and objective parameters was done as per the pre-tested Performa and scales. KOH test was used as investigation of evaluation. The collected data was entered in MS-Excel and the master chart prepared accordingly data. The qualitative data was analyzed by chi square test. Result: The prevalence of dermatophytosis was 18.88%. Majority of patients (60%) having dermatophytosis were in the age group of 30-35 years. Dermatophytosis was found to be predominant in males. Itching was found in all the positive cases. The results revealed that Tinea Cruris was the most prevalent among the cases. Conclusion: Overcrowding, low socioeconomic status, unhygienic living conditions, outdoor work, increased physical activity and excessive sweating predisposes to ring worm infection. The present study showed the involvement of several fungi in dermatophytosis infection and hence detection of the causative agent is necessary for appropriate treatment of dermatophytosis.

Background:Although all parts of the world have seen a huge increase in contraceptive usage, at least 200 million women still currently lack access to modern contraceptives(Manae-hamaltadabeer). Today about 53.4% eligible couples are still unprotected against conception. Successful fertility control leads to many social and economic advantages for women from educational attainment, personal autonomy to relationship stability and satisfaction. Material and Method:A cross-sectional study was carried out from Jan 2018 to Jan 2019 to analyse the awareness, perceptions and various patterns of contraceptives usage among 1000 women of reproductive age in western Maharashtra. Observation and Result:Data were collected from 1000 women participants. 266 (26.6%) belong to the age group of 25-29 years of age and Mean age of women was 32.78 years with SD + 7.58 yrs. 100% Awareness was observed whilemajority of 622 (62.2%) use contraceptive methods. About 226 (22.6%) preferred Condom.There was a significant association between age 2 2 2 (X =49.37, p=0.0001), educational status (X =439.46, p=0.0001),Socio Economic Status (X =72.1311, P=0.000),family 2 2 Type (X =14.44, p=0.001) and Parity (X =55.79, p=0.00001) with the knowledge scores.There was significant association 2 2 between preference of contraceptive methods scores and the age (X =104.32, p=0.000), Education (X =99.97, p=0.000), SES 2 2 (X =77.953, p=0.000) and parity (X =65.50, p=0.000). Conclusion:Despite 100% awareness and favourable attitude, significant number of reproductive age women did not use contraceptive methods due to various reasons. This study shows the association between socio-demographic variables and family planning acceptance ratio.

Introduction: The WHO estimates that there are 15- 20 million people suffering with asthma in India and the prevalence of asthma has been found to be around 7% in the majority of surveys done. Several studies have been conducted in India on asthma prevalence in children and adolescents, but very few studies have been conducted in adults. Hence the aim of this study is to find the prevalence of Zeequn Nafas Sho'abi (Bronchial Asthma) in an Urban area of Pune city. Materials and Method: Through Simple Random Sampling 700 participants of age between 20-60 years of either sex were included in the study. To diagnose the asthma spirometry was done. Observation and Result: Among 700 study subjects, 30 were diagnosed with asthma through spirometry. Hence the prevalence of asthma was found to be 4.28%. The difference between asthmatics and non asthmatics in relation to age, occupation, education, socio economic status and marital status was found to be significant. Whereas, gender and religion was found to be not significant. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of asthma diagnosed through spirometry was 4.2% in our study which is slightly lower than the nationwide prevalence of 7%. Education regarding the disease may affect and improve the quality of life of patients significantly.

Previous research has revealed a profound and broad-spectrum of psychological impact that outbreaks can inflict on people. The Covid 19 pandemic has disrupted critical mental health services in 93% of countries worldwide. Studies have reported a high prevalence of psychological distress with longer duration of quarantine associated with an increased prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder and depressive symptoms. The importance of diet and the potential role of micronutrients, macronutrients, minerals and anti-oxidants in modifying mental health have been proved by several studies. Hence particular attention should now be paid to promote healthy eating and maintain good nutrition during a difficult life stage like Covid 19 pandemic. This review study suggests some of very essential nutrients and diets that can boost immunity as well as the brain health of Covid survivors.