No abstract

Background: A blood screening is a procedure that is mandatory in health care services to reduce the incidence of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI). Numerous studies have found a correlation between ABO blood groups and a various infectious and non-infectious diseases. Some blood groups may even act as receptors and ligand for various infectious agent. Cross sectional observationalMaterials and Methods: study, conducted over a period of one & half years at Blood Centre and Component Lab, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Memorial Medical College, Amravati. Total 14515 healthy donors were collected and their blood samples were subjected to blood grouping and TTI testing. AmongResults: all the donors, B Positive was the most common blood group accounting for 4730 (32.59%) donors. Overall seropositivity for TTI was 236 (1.62%) cases. Seropositivity among replacement blood donors (16.25%) was more compared to voluntary blood donors (1.26%). Hepatitis B infection was most common (1.14%) infection among all TTIs. Maximum seropositivity was observed in A Positive blood group (1.99%) followed by B Positive (1.88%) blood group. Even though no signicant association betweenABO and Rh blood groups was observed with TTIs, Hepatitis BConclusion: was the most common infection found in blood donors. This high prevalence points towards the need for a comprehensive public health approach to eliminate TTI.

Background: Breast cancer is commonest malignancy of females all over the world. Modified radical mastectomy is still considered as a standard for treating breast cancers. Axillary lymphadenectomy is achieved at the cost of significant morbidity, with a high acute complication rate and a high chronic lymphedema rate. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is associated with better arm function, better quality of life, a shorter hospital stay, and faster recommencement of daily activities than standard axillary lymph node dissection. There are inconsistencies and controversies regarding the pathological work-up of sentinel lymph nodes and no generally applied guidelines exist. Methods: In total, 60 breast carcinoma cases were studied over a period of 2 years. The axillary lymph node status was determined intraoperatively in carcinoma breast by frozen section assessment of sentinel lymph node. Results: Intraoperative frozen section had sensitivity of 90.3%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 90.6% and diagnostic accuracy of 95%. The sentinel lymph node biopsy had a false negative rate of 13.3%. 16.1% cases showed only sentinel lymph node positivity with non-sentinel lymph nodes free from metastasis. The positivity of sentinel lymph node for metastasis was dependent upon certain characteristics of patients such as tumour size, tumour location and grade of tumour and was independent of patient's age. Conclusion: Intraoperative frozen section evaluation of sentinel lymph node (SLN) to predict the status of non-SLN can be recommended only in selected patients in early stage of disease.