Background: Phenylalanine hydroxylase activity is deficient in phenylketonuria. Phenylketonuria is an inherited metabolic disease of protein metabolism. Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of online education on mothers' knowledge and practice regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study (pre/post-test). Setting: The research was carried out in a genetic counselling clinic in a basic health care facility affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Sohag City. Sample: A non-probability purposive sampling technique included 50 mothers and their children with Phenylketonuria. Tools: Two tools were used: Tool (I) Self-administering questionnaire included Part (1): Demographic data of the mothers and their children, Part (2): Children's medical history, and Part (3): Mothers' knowledge about phenylketonuria, and Tool (II): Mothers' reported practice about phenylketonuria. Results: The study indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in mothers' knowledge and reported practices regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria post-online education than pre-online education. A statistically significant correlation was observed between mothers' knowledge and reported practices post-online education. Conclusion: The study results concluded that online education had positive effects on improving mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for their children with phenylketonuria. Recommendations: Online education for mothers regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria is recommended to increase their knowledge and reported practices.

Background: Phehydroxylase activity is deficient in phenylketonuria, an autosomal recessive disorder in which phenylalanine accumulates in the blood and body fluids. The study aimed to determine the effect of online education on mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for children with phenylketonuria. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study (pre/post-test). Setting: The research was carried out in a genetic counselling clinic in a basic health care facility affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Sohag City (MOH). Sample: A non-probability purposive sampling technique included 50 mothers and their children with Phenylketonuria. Tools: Two tools were used: Tool (I) Self-administering questionnaire included Part (1) demographic characteristics of the mothers and their children, Part (2) children's medical history, and Part (3) mothers' knowledge about phenylketonuria, and Tool (II) mothers' reported practice about phenylketonuria. Results: The study indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in mothers' knowledge and reported practices caring for children with phenylketonuria post-online education than pre-online education. A statistically significant correlation was observed between mothers' knowledge and reported practices post-online education. Conclusion: The study results concluded that online education had positive effects on improving mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for children with phenylketonuria. Recommendations: Online education for mothers caring for children with phenylketonuria is recommended to increase their knowledge and reported practices.

Background: kidney stones in children has been recognized as a major source of morbidity and are considered a significant health problem. Changing eating habits as an increase in the number of sodium children eat through processed foods and table salt. The rise with obesity and less active lifestyles may also cause more children to have kidney stones. Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of instructional guidelines on dietary knowledge and practices among mothers of children with kidney stones. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in the current study. Setting: The research was carried out in

Background: Anxiety and pain from insulin injections are frequent side effects. Therefore, controlling injection pain aids in reducing anxiety and subsequent health care avoidance behaviors. Foot reflexology massage appears to be useful in decreasing pain and stress as a complementary care that is becoming widely accepted and popular. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology massage on pain and anxiety levels regarding insulin injection among diabetic children. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used to conduct this study. Setting:The study was carried out at Pediatric Endocrine Department at Mansoura University Hospital Subjects and method: A purposive sample of 100 diabetic children who receiving insulin injection were recruited in this study; the studied children were assigned into two groups, with 50 children in each group (the study and control groups). Tools: Three tools were used to collect data: Tool (1): A structured interviewing questionnaire. Tool (II): Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and Tool (III): State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC). Results: The present study revealed that more than half of diabetic children in the study group had mild pain compared to only (8%) in the control group after insulin injection. Moreover, there were highly statistical significant differences post foot reflexology massage among the studied diabetic children regarding anxiety level on STAIC between the study and control groups. Conclusion: Foot reflexology massage has an effect on pain and anxiety reduction regarding insulin injection among diabetic children. Recommendation: Foot reflexology massage could be applied as a non-pharmacological method and complementary therapy along with routine care to manage insulin injection pain and anxiety among diabetic children.

Feeding and eating are important activities that allow individuals to maintain adequate growth in children with cerebral palsy. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of social-platform program on mothers' caring regarding feeding of the children with cerebral palsy. Material and methods: Design: A quasi-experimental research design was adopted for this study. Setting: This study was applied in Egypt at Mansoura City. Sample: -A total sample of 200 mothers through the non-probability purposive sampling technique was selected using an online questionnaire via Google Form. Participants were equally and randomly allocated to a study and a control group, (with 100) patients for each one. Tools: Three tools were used: Tool I: Mother's knowledge assessment questionnaire regarding cerebral palsy, Tool II: Mother's reported practice regarding feeding children with cerebral palsy, and Tool III: Mother's satisfaction with the social-based program. Results: The study findings demonstrated that the majority of investigated mothers' knowledge and feeding practices were satisfactory and improved after the online social-based program compared to before the social-based program. The study result portrays that (80%) of the mothers in the experimental group compared to (70%) of them in the control group were of the same age from 20-≤ 30 years old with a mean age (25.21 ± 2.02) (26.61 ± 3.43) respectively. Conclusion:The study concluded that an social-platform feeding program for children with cerebral palsy improved their mothers' knowledge and practice. The study and control groups differed statistically significantly. Recommendations: Provide mothers with a well-planned socialplatform program to increase their knowledge and practice of feeding children with cerebral palsy.