Background: Hearing impairment has been a major disability challenge globally and is considered a threat to quality education. Adolescent school girls with hearing and speech challenges are a group of disabled girls who needs special care specifically during breast self-examination (BSE). Aim of the study: To determine the effect of structured visual educational sessions on knowledge and practices regarding breast self-examination among adolescent girls with hearing and speech challenges. The research design: Quasi-experimental design (pre and post-test) was utilized. Setting: It was conducted at a deaf and hearing impairment school, El-Hewatey, Sohag Governorate, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sampling technique of 39 adolescent girls with hearing and speech challenges. Tools of data collection: Five data collection tools were used: I: Structured interviewing questionnaire II: The structured interview questionnaire concerned with assessing knowledge of the studied subjects regarding BSE, III: Barriers to practice BSE, IV: BSE observational checklist (self-reported practices) & V: Rating scale on level of satisfaction. The results: There were a lack of knowledge and practices of the studied subjects regarding BSE before implementing the program, while, there was an improvement after implementation. Also, there was a highly significant positive correlation between studied subject knowledge and their practice (P=0.000). Conclusion: Adolescent girls with hearing and speech impairments saw improvements in their BSE knowledge and practices as a result of the visual educational program. Recommendation: Continued health education programs should be applied to raise the awareness of adolescent girls with hearing and speech challenges regarding BSE in a different setting.

In today's world, junk food is widely consumed, and its negative effects cannot be ignored. Due to the lack of vitamins, minerals, and trace amounts of energy and protein in junk food, there is likelihood that the child will feel full and lose interest in eating nutritious foods. The aim was to determine the effect of a designed nursing program regarding junk food on school-age children's awareness and their growth. Subjects and method: Design: This study's objective was accomplished using a quasi-experimental research design. Setting: The study was carried out at Sohag University Hospital's Medical Pediatric Outpatients Clinic. Subjects: In this study, a purposeful sample of 100 school-age children was used. Tools for data collection: A structured interview questionnaire which consisted of five parts; part (I) demographic characteristics of the school-age children; part (II) school-age children's knowledge regarding junk food (pre/post), part (III) school-age children 'attitude regarding junk food (pre/post), part (IV) school-age children selfreported practices regarding junk food (pre/post), and part (V) An anthropometric measurement sheet. Results: The study's findings showed that children in school showed highly substantial improvements-age children's knowledge, attitude, BMI, and practice regarding junk food post one month of the designed nursing program (P<0.001). there was a statistical correlation between junk food and the growth status of children was significant, so children who haven't had junk food, have grown more favorably than the other children (P<0.05). A positive significant correlation (P=0.005) was found between school-age children's knowledge scores, attitude, growth, and practices post-one month of the designed nursing program. Conclusion: The current study found that implementing a designed nursing program improved school-age children's knowledge, attitudes, growth, and practices toward junk food. Recommendations: The study suggested that school-age children should be informed about nursing programs that are aimed to teach knowledge, a healthy attitude, growth, practice, and the negative consequences of junk food. To generalize the findings, the current study must be replicated with a wider sample of school-age children in various contexts.

Background: Phenylalanine hydroxylase activity is deficient in phenylketonuria. Phenylketonuria is an inherited metabolic disease of protein metabolism. Aim: The study aimed to determine the effect of online education on mothers' knowledge and practice regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study (pre/post-test). Setting: The research was carried out in a genetic counselling clinic in a basic health care facility affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Sohag City. Sample: A non-probability purposive sampling technique included 50 mothers and their children with Phenylketonuria. Tools: Two tools were used: Tool (I) Self-administering questionnaire included Part (1): Demographic data of the mothers and their children, Part (2): Children's medical history, and Part (3): Mothers' knowledge about phenylketonuria, and Tool (II): Mothers' reported practice about phenylketonuria. Results: The study indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in mothers' knowledge and reported practices regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria post-online education than pre-online education. A statistically significant correlation was observed between mothers' knowledge and reported practices post-online education. Conclusion: The study results concluded that online education had positive effects on improving mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for their children with phenylketonuria. Recommendations: Online education for mothers regarding caring for children with phenylketonuria is recommended to increase their knowledge and reported practices.

Background: Phehydroxylase activity is deficient in phenylketonuria, an autosomal recessive disorder in which phenylalanine accumulates in the blood and body fluids. The study aimed to determine the effect of online education on mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for children with phenylketonuria. Design: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study (pre/post-test). Setting: The research was carried out in a genetic counselling clinic in a basic health care facility affiliated with the Ministry of Health in Sohag City (MOH). Sample: A non-probability purposive sampling technique included 50 mothers and their children with Phenylketonuria. Tools: Two tools were used: Tool (I) Self-administering questionnaire included Part (1) demographic characteristics of the mothers and their children, Part (2) children's medical history, and Part (3) mothers' knowledge about phenylketonuria, and Tool (II) mothers' reported practice about phenylketonuria. Results: The study indicated that there was a statistically significant improvement in mothers' knowledge and reported practices caring for children with phenylketonuria post-online education than pre-online education. A statistically significant correlation was observed between mothers' knowledge and reported practices post-online education. Conclusion: The study results concluded that online education had positive effects on improving mothers' knowledge and practice in caring for children with phenylketonuria. Recommendations: Online education for mothers caring for children with phenylketonuria is recommended to increase their knowledge and reported practices.

One of the major challenges for neonatal care is prematurity and related problems, particularly respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). There is a link between lung development and vitamin D has been shown in numerous studies. The aim of the study was: To evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation guidelines on nurses' care and associated outcomes for preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.