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This Report is the second of a series of World Child Labour Reports called for in the outcome document, the Roadmap, emerging from The Hague Global Child Labour Conference of 2010. The World Report series is seen as an additional vehicle for promoting effective action against child labour, complementing the periodic Global Estimates exercise and other global ILO publications. The series is aimed in particular at helping inform global efforts in the lead up to the 2016 target date for the elimination of worst forms of child labour. The World Reports are an integral part of the 2010 Child Labour Global Action Plan, endorsed by the ILO's Governing Body in November 2010 and by the November 2012 Action Plan to Promote Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. The World Reports are technical and evidence-based in orientation and thematic in nature. Each is designed to assess the current "state of the art" in terms of knowledge in a selected child labour-related policy area. The series is used to build an evidencebased case for policies necessary for accelerated progress towards eliminating child labour. The Reports do not present new primary research; rather, they assemble and analyse existing research in the field of child labour, much of it supported by the ILO International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) and the Understanding Children's Work (UCW) programme, a joint research Initiative of ILO, UNICEF and the World Bank. Child labour and social protection was the thematic focus for the first World Report, published in 2013. The present World Report assesses the interplay between child labour and youth employment. The Report through analysis of data generated by the ILO's Statistical Information and Monitoring Programme on Child Labour (SIMPOC) and the ILO's School-to-Work Transition Survey (SWTS) programme assesses the major impediments for the 15-17 years category of workers in securing decent jobs. In so doing, it examines the employment outcomes of former child labourers and those who begin the transition to work at an early age (i.e. before 15 years) and compares these to others. The work on the report was led by UCW in close collaboration with the Youth Employment Programme based in the ILO's Employment Department.