Introduction: Egypt is ranked the 3rd country in the world with the highest mortality rates due to road traffic accidents. Epidemiological studies have confirmed that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of motor vehicle crashes (MVC) and early death. OSA is an important health and safety issue in the workplace because of its frequency, co-morbidities and potential to impair worker's performance. Aim of work: To estimate the prevalence of accidents among commercial drivers with suspected OSA and to identify the risk factors of road traffic accidents (RTA) by comparing drivers with accidents versus (vs) no accidents. Materials and methods: Nested case-control study was carried upon (150) commercial drivers suspected to have OSA attended the Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) Unit and accepted to participate in the study during two years starting from November 2016. Data was collected using a questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, occupational, medical and driving histories as well as history of sleep related accidents or near accident and mean daily sleep duration. Clinical examination, laboratory tests were done (invasive and noninvasive blood gases) and sleep questionnaires (ESS, FOSQ-10, Berlin questionnaire and STOP BANG questionnaire) were completed. Results: The prevalence of accidents was (46.0%) among the studied drivers. The prevalence of OSA was statistically significantly higher among those with accidents (81.2%) than those without accidents (60.5%) and the significant independent predictors of accidents among drivers were having 1st class license, shift work, rapid eye movement sleep (REM) % and OSA. Conclusion: The prevalence of OSA was higher among those with accidents than those without accidents and OSA was independent significant predictor of RTA.

Aims: To specify the demographic and risk factors and type of the substance use disorders most common with suicidal behaviors and self-harm. Study Design: Observational cross-sectional research. Place and Duration of Study: Neuropsychiatry Department and Psychiatry, Neurology and neurosurgery center, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. The study was conducted for duration of 6 months from January 2019 to June 2019. Methodology: This was enrolled 105 aged 18-50 years to assess the type of substance use disorders most common with suicidal behaviours and self-harm with any duration of illness. Subjects were divided into three equal groups: Group 1 included healthy control subjects with no addiction or psychiatric problems with no history suggestive of any health problems. Group 2 included patients with substance use disorders (addict group). Group 3 included psychiatric patients without substance use disorders. All patients were subjected to addiction severity index, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Suicide probability scale, Barratt's impulsiveness scale, Self-Harm diagnosis scale and the positive and negative syndrome scale. Results: There was a significantly different in the suicide categories among the cases with and without heroin intake (p=0.038). There was a significantly positive correlation among addiction severity index (ASI) and suicide score in the addiction group. Conclusion: The incidence of anxiety and depression among individuals with substance use disorders is notably high, particularly at severe levels. We found also positive correlations between ASI and both suicide and self-harm scores in the addiction group. Depression and anxiety are frequently co-occurring in SUD patients.