Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus is the most severe autoimmune inflammatory diseases prototype. It is characterized by a large clinical polymorphism under the influence of genetic, immunological and environmental factors, affecting more likely women during genital activity periods. Objective: The aim of our investigation is to determine and specify the epidemiological, clinical, immunological, therapeutic and evolutionary profile of SLE in Algerian population.Patients and methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted on 194 lupus patients diagnosed at a higher age according to ACR and SLICC criteria, covering a period of 13 years (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019). The medical records were selected from the archive data for hospital stays and by a prospective listing of patients followed in consultation. Results:The mean diagnosis age of our patients was (29.66±12.84). The most frequent clinical manifestations were cutaneous 71.1%, articular 74.7% and hematological 71.6%. 26.3% of the patients had nephropathies. The positive titer of antinuclear antibodies was 94.4%, anti-DNAn 66.7%, anti-Sm, RNP, SSA, and SSB in 31.5, 21, 39.5, and 19.8% of cases respectively. The secondary anti-phospholipid syndrome was associated with 15.4% of patients. Other autoimmune diseases associated with SLE and positive family history were detected in 97.93% and 34.53% of patients respectively. While confirming the clinical polymorphism of SLE. Conclusion: The clinical polymorphism of SLE is confirmed by our study, its severity and complexity and even the great similarities with the differences series of literature around the world, urges us to continue research to improve therapeutics for a better prognosis through early management and to enhance the life expectancy of patients.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, primarily affecting young women of childbearing age. SLE is rare in the elderly and represents clinico-biological characteristics in this age group different from those of young patients. Objectives: To determine the clinical-biological and prognostic specificities of 12 cases of SLE emerged after the age of 50 years and compare them with some cases of early-onset SLE. Methods: On a total of 203 SLE patients, 12 cases aged of 50 years and above were examined. All SLE patients were who had been diagnosed according to the ACR and SLICC criteria and followed up during 2006 - 2019 in two western Algeria hospitals. Results: Twelve patients with late SLE were diagnosed during the research period. The mean age of attack in this age group was 59.17 ± 11.10 years, and the mean age of clinical diagnosis was 67.67 ± 10.95 years. Among the concerned cases, ten patients (83.3%) were postmenopausal women, and two participants were men (16.7%) with an F/M gender ratio of 5 : 1. The mean duration of follow-up was 8.5 ± 4.33 years. The most frequent revealing clinico-serological characteristics were dermatological, articular, hematological, and pulmonary damage (58.3%, 91.7%, 58.3%, and 33.3% respectively), the positivity of anti-dsDNA antibodies (75%), anti-Sm/anti-SSA (41.7%), and hypocomplementemia (25%). Moreover, renal and neuropsychiatric damage was rare after the age of 50 years. The leading cause of death was stroke, with a significantly higher mortality rate in the elderly group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: SLE in the elderly is rare, its diagnosis may be delayed due to the insidious onset, and its low prevalence and similarity and comorbidity with other more common disorders make its diagnosis difficult, especially in this subgroup.

Objectives: the aim of our study was to precise the epidemiological, clinicobiological, immunological, and evolutionary profile of systemic lupus erythematosus in Algerian men. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was carried out on 19 Algerian male lupus patients, diagnosed according to the ACR and SLICC criteria and followed between 2006 and 2019 on a total of 203 cases of systemic lupus erythematosus in western Algeria. Results: 203 SLE patients were included, 19 men (9.4%) and 184 women (90.6%) with F/ M sex ratio of 9.68 / 1. The mean age at diagnosis was 33 ± 9.49 years. The most frequent clinical manifestations were joint involvement (84.2%), cutaneous (68.4%) and hematological disorder (63.2%). 15.8% had lupus nephropathies with the predominance of class IV; Raynaud's syndrome and neuropsychiatric involvement were found in 26.3%. Comparison of these results with those of 184 lupus women showed a significant frequency of mucosal ulcer (p=0.000011) and neuropsychiatric damage in men (p=0.011), while alopecia in women (p=0.021). As well, hypocomplementemia (p=0.0004), anti-Sm antibodies (p=0.053) and anti Ribosome (p=0.028) were more frequent in men; while anti-SSA (p=0.003) and anti-SSB (p=0.011) antibodies were more frequent in women. Survival of lupus men was equal to 100% throughout the studied period. Conclusion: Male lupus is rare. The Algerian man suffers from SLE in a less severe form compared to other data in the literature, which is manifested by a lower frequency of organ damage and mortality. Keywords: Male lupus, epidemiology, clinical polymorphism, evolutionary profile, western Algeria.