Germinação e vigor de sementes de alfavaca-cravo (Ocimum gratissimum L.) submetidas ao envelhecimento acelerado AbstractThe present work had as objective to verify the effect of treatment with fungicide on the germination and vigor of four lots of clove basil seeds, submitted to the traditional aging and with saturated salt solution, for periods of 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours, at 42ºC. After these periods, the seeds were evaluated by the germination test, using the first count of the number of normal seedlings as vigor indicative. The vigor and the germination of the seeds decreased as increased the time of aging. In the use of saturated salt solution, the seeds water content was lower and more uniform. The fungicide treatment increased the percentage average of germination, without provoking significant modifications in the contrasts among the lots. The periods of 36 and 48 hours were efficient in evaluating of the physiologic quality of the clove basil seeds.

Sementes e plântulas de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea) cv. Tatu foram avaliadas em condições de laboratório e casa de vegetação com o objetivo de detectar e identificar a presença de fungos patogênicos associados às sementes, além de determinar a patogenicidade e os danos por eles causados. Os fungos detectados foram Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Cercospora arachidicola, Rhizopus sp., Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp. e Phoma sp.. Os fungos mais freqüentes foram A. niger e Penicillium sp.. Estes fungos foram transmitidos através das sementes e causaram tombamento de pré e pósemergência nas plântulas.

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Physiological and chemical insecticides in the control ofSpodoptero frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidas) in comThe control of S. frugiperda in field corn wlth chemical and phisiological insecticides was evaluated in Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil. The foliowing treatments were used in a. i. /ha: chlorfluazuron (Atabron 50 EC) 12,5; 25; 37,5 and 50g; difiubenzuron (Dimilim 25 WP) 20g; deltamethrin (Decis 2,5 EC) 7,5g and control (without treatment). The evaluations were done at 1, 3, 9 and 12 days after the appiication when 10 plants per plot were coilected at random and opened their whorea to count the alive arrnyworms. It was concluded that the phisiological insecticides chiorfluazuron and diflubenzuron showed from 75,2 to 97,6% of control at 3, 9 and 12 days after appiication and the chemical insecticide, deltamethrin, was very efficient, with more than 85% in ali the evaluations due to the biggest shock effect. KEYWORDS: insecticides, Spodopterafrugiperda com. RESUMOAvaliou-se cci Bandeirantes PR, o controle de S. frugiperda com dois inseticidas de ação fisiolágica e um qumíco de ação de contato e ingestão, na cultura do milho. Foram utilizados os tratamentos em i.a./ha: chlorfluazuron (Atabron 50 CE) 12, Recebido em 13/11/90.

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