Bronze Mirror with fine linear designs in the bronze age shows the greatest alloy and casting skills of the day and presents the highest level of handcrafting and molding techniques. Lately, Lost-wax casting and sand-mould casting were used for the restoration of the national treasures of No. 141 and No. 143 Bronze Mirror with fine linear designs. Also the Principle Component Analysis, Microstructure Analysis, X-ray and SEM-EDS analysis were carried out on the restored Bronze Mirror with fine linear designs. Bronze Mirror that is made of sand-mould casting, hardly has a eutectoid and it is observed as a α dendrite. In contrast, Bronze Mirror that is made of lost-wax casting, the eutectoid has found through the α dendrite. As we compare lost-wax casting to the sand-mould casting through an analysis of restored Bronze Mirror, mostly, sand-mould casting has better castability and it seems that it brings a clear and equal Bronze Mirror as it has a low cooling rate. In this way, we are able to confirm that there is a big difference between the method by lost-wax casting and by sand-mould casting through an analysis of microstructure and restored Bronze Mirror. If such research will be continued, it will be an opportunity that investigates diverse methods of production techniques.

Analysis of the bronze bodhisattva from Pangyo-dong sites in Seongnam by computed tomography, ICP-AES, metallurgical microscope and SEM-EDS had to know manufacturing technique. And the origin of the raw material, was investigated using TIMS. Results with computed tomography, two bronze bodhisattva produced by lost-wax casting technique with hollow inside and could see the core of the inside. Result of component analysis and microstructure observation, material is alloy of copper-tin-lead and made by casting without artificial treatment. According to lead isotope ratio analysis result of bronze bodhisattva could be made into galena of the Gyeonggi massif in Korea South.

This study analyzed on alloys and by-product samples produced through the reproduction experiment of bronze mirror with geometric designs. The alloy ratio used in the first and second reproduction experiments was based on the analysis results of bronze mirror with geometric designs(Cu 61.68%, Sn 32.25%, Pb 5.46%) which is the national treasure No. 141. As a result of portable X-ray fluorescence analysis on the raw materials used in the reproduction experiment, the contents of copper raw materials were 98.85 wt% for Cu, tin raw materials were 99.03 wt% for Sn, and lead raw materials were 70.19 wt% for Pb, and 21.81 wt% for Sn. Sn and Pb were added 5 wt% more considering the evaporation amount of tin and lead during alloy melting. The result produced by the first reproduction experiment were 58.75 wt% for Cu, 36.87 wt% for Sn, 4.39 wt% for Pb, and the other result produced by the second reproduction experiment were 58.66 wt% for Cu, 35.89 wt% for Sn, and 5.50 wt% for Pb. The composition of the components was about 3.00 wt% in Cu and Sn respectively, and the microstructure was similar to the previous studies because the δ phase was observed mainly. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the materialistic characteristics of ancient bronze mirror in the future.

To completely bond two or more metals, there is a method of applying heat or using a nail. Most bronze containers use nails to bond and repair, which are called rivet techniques. Until now, the manufacturing technology of bronze ware has been conducted by many researchers, but research on rivets used in bronze ware is insufficient. In order to understand the manufacturing technology of bronze ware, research on not only the main body of the container but also each part must be conducted together. In the case of rivets, it is believed that they were made in consideration of the material, color, and economic feasibility suitable for the Bronze Age, and in this study, metallic analysis was conducted focusing on the four rivets excavated. As a result of metal microscope and SEM-EDS analysis, it is judged that the Cu-Sn-Pb ternary alloy and Cu-Ag binary alloy were manufactured using the general casting method. Compared to previous studies, rivets can be divided into (1) 100% pure copper (Cu) (2) Cu-Sn-Pb ternary alloys (Sn, Pb around 10%), and (3) Cu-Ag binary alloys, and this time the analyzed rivets correspond to types (2) and (3). If you study not only rivets but also containers in the future, it will be helpful to understand the manufacturing technology process of bronze containers.