Spraying benzydamine hydrochloride on the ETT cuff is a simple and effective method to reduce the incidence and severity of POST.

This study indicates that spraying BH on the ET cuff decreases the incidence and severity of POST without increased BH-related adverse effects.

A dose of 1 mg/kg of tramadol administered intravenously 30 minutes before the expected extubation, compared with 1 μg/kg of fentanyl, decreased cough incidence, improved emergence quality, and provided stable hemodynamics. However, there was no significant difference between tramadol and fentanyl in pain scores and fentanyl consumption postoperatively.