No abstract

Indeks Daya Saing Daerah (IDSD) merupakan instrumen pengukuran daya saing pada tingkat provinsi dan kabupaten/ kota yang dilakukan oleh Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN). Tujuan dari pengukuran IDSD ini adalah untuk memperoleh sebuah ukuran daya saing daerah yang komprehensif yang dapat merefleksikan tingkat produktivitas daerah. Pengukuran IDSD 2022 merupakan kelanjutan dari IDSD yang telah diinisiasi oleh Kementerian Riset, Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi sejak tahun 2017 hingga 2021. IDSD 2022 menggunakan konsep dan metode pengukuran yang baru, yaitu dengan mengadopsi kerangka pengukuran Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) 2019 dari World Economic Forum, yang disesuaikan dengan konteks daerah di Indonesia. Dengan kerangka ini maka IDSD 2022 selaras dengan GCI sehingga bisa digunakan stakeholder global untuk mengukur GCI bagi Indonesia. Kerangka pengukuran IDSD 2022 terdiri dari empat komponen yang dielaborasi ke dalam 12 pilar daya saing. IDSD 2022 hanya menggunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari kementerian/lembaga (K/L). Penyusunan IDSD 2022 dilaksanakan melalui tujuh tahapan, yaitu menyusun kerangka konseptual, mengidentifikasi indikator, mengumpulkan data, mengolah data, melakukan standardisasi data, pembobotan pilar daya saing, dan menghitung skor akhir dengan agregasi. Pengukuran IDSD 2022 ini mencakup 34 provinsi dan 514 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Jumlah indikator IDSD yang digunakan sebanyak 62 indikator untuk provinsi dan 48 indikator untuk kabupaten/kota.

An important factor influencing the success of regional development, one of which is the human resources (HR) that have a role in increasing the productivity and competitiveness of a region. An analysis of the competitiveness of a region needs to be carried out to identify weaknesses and strengths in human resource aspects that will have an impact on economic performance and people's welfare. This study aims to analyze the Regional Competitiveness Index (IDSD) of Banten Province in terms of human resources using several indicators, including education level, availability of employment, health, and investment environment. The method used is descriptive analysis and regional competitiveness index calculation. The data used in this study were obtained from the National Research and Innovation Agency. The results of the study show that Banten Province has an IDSD value on the health pillar of 3.75. From the health pillar, there are 3 regencies/cities that have a higher IDSD score, namely Tangerang Regency with a score of 3.85, Tangerang City with a score of 4, and South Tangerang City with a score of 4. Meanwhile, the IDSD score on the skills pillar has a score of 3.44. There were only 3 that had a higher IDSD score, namely Tangerang City with a value of 3.86, Cilegon with a value of 3.53, and South Tangerang City with a value of 3.79. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to improve the quality of human resources in Banten Province by taking into account the factors that affect competitiveness, including education, availability of fields, employment, health, and the investment environment.

The era of globalization is the era of technological competition where the strength of a country is determined by technology advancement that will encourage economic growth. Technology advancement is dependent on human resource capacity. In that context, human resource with the ability to create and utilize the technology is needed, which is derived from STEM education. Human resource closely related to the development of S&T can be regarded as Human Resource in Science and Technology (HRST). Indonesia as a developing country has the potential to compete in global world, supported by positive economic growth and demographic bonuses. However, it is not good enough on some indicators in the development of S&T. Also, Indonesia still act as an adopter or technology importer. Therefore, we study how Indonesia is as an adopter or switch as an innovator by develop the Indonesia's HRST dynamics model. The model simulation shows that there is a significant difference in economic growth through the changing mode of technology advancement with the support of STEM competent HRST.