Supramolecular hydrogels formed by self-assembly of low-molecular-weight amphiphiles (hydrogelators) have attracted significant attention, as smart and soft materials. However, most of the observed stimuli-responsive behaviour of these supramolecular hydrogels are limited to gel–sol transitions. In this study, we present bola-amphiphilic glycosylated lipopeptide-type supramolecular hydrogelators that exhibit reversible thermochromism along with a gel–sol transition. The bola-amphiphiles have mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-phenylalanine (F) as a short peptide moiety. We investigate and discuss the effects of the number of F residues on the gelation ability and the morphology of the self-assembled nanostructures.

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For the excavation and the supporting of large rock slope, the observational construction method is becoming increasingly important in order to carry out the support decision immediately, by taking discontinuity distribution into account, because of the difficulty of supporting after some benches have already cut.It is well known that slope stability is strongly controlled by discontinuity distribution in the case of the hard rock masses. Goodman and Shi (1982) proposed "Block Theory" for the estimation of slope stability considering discontinuity distribution. Key block, however, can be found out after all the discontinuity traces of the block appeare on the slope surface. In that moment, the key block is unstable and can move out of the slope.Considering the above, the authors developed "Stochastic Block Theory" for the prediction of the key block before all the discontinuity traces of the block have not appeared on the slope, in other word, in the moment some of the discontinuity traces of the key block have appeared.Using Stochastic Block Theory, the probability of becoming a key block can be estimated concerning the block surrounding some discontinuity traces and bench.