This article provides an important study of the vertical forces acting on the tractor unit. At the same time, it is shown that the undercarriage of a stationary tractor perceives the operating weight of the tractor itself, mounted agricultural machines and fertilizers. Thus, with a steady motion of the tractor unit, the values of the loads on the front and rear wheels change due to the resistance forces of the working tools and the rolling resistance force. And it is also shown that the rolling resistance force reduces the vertical loads on the steering wheel and the drive wheels are loaded by the same amount due to the redistribution of loads along the axles.

The study aims to substantiate the parameters and operating mode of the oil purification device from oxidation products to improve the efficiency of the use of lubricants. The methods of mathematical analysis and mathematical statistics, comparative comparison, generalization, and testing methods of agricultural machinery are used in the research process. It is established that engine oils are intensively polluted by oxidation products during processing, thereby accelerating the friction process due to the overload of tractor engines. During the performance of agricultural work in the oil composition, the content of oxidation products in the form of carbon, carbon dioxide, and asphalt products increases by 1.2%. Analytical coupling dependences for the process of cleaning motor oils from oxidizing products are obtained, and the dependence of the cleaning efficiency on the device parameters is established. The developed device consists of a container for collecting oils, a steam generator, a container for a sump mixer, a separate container for pure and sedimentary oils, and a vessel for re-collecting acetone. An installation has been developed to implement the technology of collecting and renewing oils in the conditions of the farm. In this case, the amount of contamination and the composition of oils is determined, and the operating mode of the device is selected for their resumption.

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This article proposes ways to improve the operational properties of hydraulic oils used in road construction equipment. Hydraulic oils with additives in the form of metal dithiophosphates or orthophosphoric esters can provide reduced wear of hydraulic elements. We research samples of industrial oils MG – 30, and samples with the addition of zinc dithiophosphate additives DC – 40. The antiwear effect of such compounds occurs due to the adsorption of the metal surface with the formation of sufficiently strong compounds with the metal. In the presence of oxygen, the reactivity of sulfur compounds with respect to the metal decreases, but an increase in the antiwear properties of the compounds is observed mainly under moderate friction conditions. The results of laboratory studies of MG-30 hydraulic oils with an additive based on zinc dithiophosphate DC – 7 and recommendations for their use are presented.

In recent years, increased requirements for protective properties have been imposed on petroleum oils for various purposes. One of the functions of the oil is to protect the surface of parts from corrosion. Corrosion becomes especially intense when the engine is operated in hot, humid climates. In this case, oil plays a double role: on the one hand, it protects the surfaces of parts from the aggressive influence of the external environment; on the other hand, the oil itself is corrosive due to the presence of corrosive substances in it. Corrosion is especially intensified after the engine is stopped. When it cools, moisture condenses on the parts, the lubricating oil, flowing down from the lubricated surface, cannot protect the metal from corrosion. The reason for the corrosive properties of oils is that they contain organic and inorganic acid peroxides and other oxidation products and sulfur compounds, alkalis, and water. The purpose of this work is to study and improve the anti-corrosion properties of lubricants. With an increase in temperature, the combined action of oxygen in the air and water present in the lubricating oil causes rusting of the crankshaft, liner walls, cylinders of the internal combustion engine. We have studied anticorrosive additives as an additive to improve the anti-corrosion properties of oils. Dialkylphenyl orthophosphoric acid additive was used as such additives. The anticorrosive activity of these substances is related to their ability to orient themselves on the oil-water surface so that hydrophilic groups are firmly bound to water while the hydrocarbon radical remains in the oil.