The investigation of visual field patterns may be more appropriate than quantitative indices (for example, total mean deviation, foveal threshold sensitivity, average deviation) to assess the visual field in highly myopic patients with tilted optic discs.

The correlation between retinal layer thicknesses and visual field sensitivity could be explained by myopia-related losses due to lateral retinal stretching, with further research required to investigate this.

Mean spherical equivalent refractive error is strongly correlated with optic disc tilt; however, other biometric factors are independent of tilt. Structural examination of the eye using OCT can be employed to differentiate between eyes with tilted optic discs and those with normal discs. Peripapillary RNFL appears to be unaffected by tilted discs.

Purpose: To assess refractive error, gender, and age-related differences in corneal topography of a normal population with Oculus Keratograph 4. Methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 500 normal eyes of 500 individuals with ages ranging from 10 to 70 years. All participants underwent detailed ocular examinations, including visual acuity measurement, slit-lamp examination, and refractive error evaluation. Slit-lamp examination was performed for all individuals to rule out apparent corneal diseases. Corneal topography parameters were assessed using Oculus Keratograph. The data were analyzed based on gender, refractive error, and age groups using independent sample t -test and one-way analysis of variance. Results: Of a total of 500 participants (age: 29.51 ± 11.53 years) recruited for the present study, 66.4% were female, and 33.6% were male. The mean spherical equivalent of refraction was − 0.98 ± 1.65 diopters. Significant differences were noted in steep keratometry ( P = 0.035) and corneal astigmatism ( P = 0.014) between genders. Assessment of the data based on refractive error revealed significant differences in an index of vertical asymmetry ( P < 0.001), index of height asymmetry ( P = 0.003), and index of height decentration ( P = 0.011). Considering age groups, significant differences were observed in flat keratometry readings ( P < 0.001), mean corneal astigmatism ( P = 0.02), minimum radius of curvature ( P = 0.037), and apex power ( P < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a prominent variation in some topographic parameters based on gender, age, and refractive error. The information on corneal parameters obtained with Oculus Keratograph from normal eyes provides a reference for comparison with diseased corneas.

PurposeTilted optic disc, a common finding in high myopic eyes, may affect visual field. Since the retinal defects often precede the visual field defects so evaluation of retinal layers thicknesses provide detailed information about the retina that may help us in earlier detection of pathologic changes in high myopic eyes. The aim of current study is the investigation of the correlation between functional and structural changes in tilted and non‐tilted high myopic eyes.MethodsFifty eight high myopic individuals were underwent detailed ophthalmic examination and divided into two groups according to the presence of the tilted optic disc. Correlation between visual field and retinal layers thicknesses in 20 patients (mean age of 28.95±7.22 years) with tilted optic disc were compared with 38 patients (mean age of 27.87 ± 6.08 years) without tilted disc using 30‐2 SITA standard program with Humphrey Field Analyzer – HFA II‐i and optical coherence tomography, respectively. Correlation of functional and structural findings was evaluated in 10 central degrees in four matched quadrants.ResultsAlthough there was a relative correlation between structural and functional tests in all quadrants but the most significant correlation was related to the nasal threshold sensitivity and temporal total average thickness in tilted group. (r = −0.55) The results showed that with decreasing the visual field sensitivity, the ganglion cell layer thickness decreased but retinal nerve fibres layer thickness increased in some quadrants.ConclusionsThe results showed relative correlation between structural and functional tests but the structural findings presented the defects earlier than functional findings. Therefore, the structural investigation in tilted myopic eyes suspected to visual field defect is recommended.