Isinglass, derived from swim bladders of Caspian Sea fish and consisting predominantly of protein collagen, was found to be an effective, easily accessible heterogeneous biocatalyst for the synthesis of biologically important functionalized spirooxindoles and spiroacenaphthylenes in water. This facile and efficient one-pot, three-component synthesis route involving isatin or acenaphthenequinone, activated methylene reagent, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds provides a new strategy giving rise to spiro derivatives in quantitative yields in very short reaction times. Graphical abstract N CN X O O R 2 R 1 N O X H2N R 2 R 1 O O O O H2O, 60 °C H2O, 60 °C O O O O X H2N O 6 2 3 4 5 1 X= CN, CO2Et R 1 = H, Me, Et, Bn, Ph R 2 = H, Cl, Br, NO2 IG IG
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.