ResumoOs profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) atuam em comunidades onde a complexidade de problemáticas médico-sociais pode levá-los a sofrer psicologicamente, com prejuízos ao atendimento aos usuários e à consolidação da ESF como modelo de reorganização da atenção básica no Brasil. Esse estudo investigou as dificuldades e as formas de enfrentamento referidas por profissionais de equipes da ESF frente às demandas médico-sociais apresentadas pelos usuários em seu cotidiano de trabalho. Grupos focais e entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizados com 68 profissionais de três Unidades de Saúde da Família da cidade de São Paulo. Tráfico e uso de drogas ilícitas, alcoolismo, depressão e violência doméstica são as demandas mais significativas para o grupo estudado. Frente a elas, os profissionais referem formação profissional e capacitação técnica insuficientes, sobrecarga e condições desfavoráveis de trabalho, com sentimentos de impotência e frustração. No enfrentamento das dificuldades, destacam-se as estratégias coletivas, especialmente as reuniões de equipe e apoio matricial, nas quais há troca de experiências, conhecimentos e apoio compartilhado. Os resultados indicam que as dificuldades referidas podem deixar os profissionais da ESF em situação de vulnerabilidade, tal como os usuários por eles atendidos. O investimento no desenvolvimento de competências, o fortalecimento de estratégias de enfrentamento coletivas, assim como maior articulação com as redes de serviços e as lideranças locais, mostram-se necessários para que os profissionais de saúde atuem com menor estresse frente às complexas demandas médico-sociais presentes

Introduction: Primary Health Care (PHC) has as essential attributes access, longitudinality, comprehensiveness and coordination of care. Thus, interprofessional collaboration is a fundamental assumption of care practices in PHC and is interrelated to quality, care effectiveness and user safety. However, few studies have evaluated factors that interfere with interprofessional collaboration in PHC, particularly in low and middle income countries. In 1994, th Ministry of Health created the Family Health Program with the proposal to reorganize the PHC, however, even with more than 40 thousand teams responsible for the care of about 134 million people today, there are few studies in the country that investigated factors that affect the practices of family health teams in relation to teamwork and interprofessional collaboration. In addition, several researches have used Implementaion Science to study the process of implementing evidence-based practices in health care in order to improve the quality and effectiveness of health services, however, studies that investigated the interprofessional collaboration in health services using implementation science instruments were rare. Objectives: To characterize interprofessional collaboration and identify factors that influence it in Primary Health Care (PHC) from the perspective of implementation research using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) instrument. Method: This is a qualitative study that used the semi-structured interview as a data production technique. PHC workers from three Basic Health Units in the city of São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, were interviewed. The interview script was based on three dimensions of the CFIR (intervention characteristics, inner setting and characteristics of the individuals). The interviews were transcribed, read and reread for content analysis. Results: Fifteen PHC workers were interviewed: three managers, three nurses, three community health agents, two nursing technicians and one nursing assistant. According to the dimensions of the CFIR investigated, the participants highlighted the following aspects: 1. Characteristics of interprofessional collaboration: the various aspects that make up interprofessional collaboration confer high complexity to its implementation in the health service; 2. Inner setting: factors that influence interprofessional collaboration were time for formal communication, positive social interactions between professionals; and leadership characteristics, such as feedback, autonomy and participation in decisions; 3. Characteristics of individuals: perception of interprofessional collaboration having the common objetive of caring for users and the need for interaction and integration between professionals. Conclusion: The results indicate possible actions to improve interprofessional collaboration in PHC. The time allocated to previously organized meetings between the professionals of the teams, actions to enhance communication skills, formative leadership and feedback may contribute to ...