Background and aims: Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) protein hydrolysate is a source of bioactive peptides with known health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of common bean protein hydrolysate on lipid metabolism and endothelial function in male adult BALB/c mice fed an atherogenic diet for nine weeks. Methods and results: Male adult mice were divided into three experimental groups (n Z 12) and fed with normal control diet; atherogenic diet and atherogenic diet added with bean protein hydrolysate (700 mg/kg/day) for nine weeks. Food intake, weight gain, lipid profile, Atherogenic Index of Plasma, inflammation biomarkers and endothelial function were evaluated. APH group presented reduced feed intake, weight gain, lipid profile, tumor necrosis factor-a, angiotensin II (94% and 79%, respectively) and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (62%). Conclusions: Protein hydrolysate showed hypocholesterolemic activity preventing inflammation and dysfunction of vascular endothelium, in addition to decreasing oxidative stress, indicating an adjuvant effect on reducing atherogenic risk.

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Abstract:Obesity is recognised as a condition of low-grade chronic inflammation resulting from macrophage infiltration of adipose tissue and activation of inflammatory pathways by oxidative stress mechanisms that lead to the development of insulin resistance. Various natural bioactive compounds (NBCs) with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects may improve adipocyte dysfunction associated with metabolic syndrome. The present review focuses on the effects of phenolic compounds, n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) and lipoic acid (LA) on the pathophysiological mechanisms of obesity. In this review, a total of 120 studies were included, and data thus obtained reflect beneficial physiological effects of n-3 LC-PUFA, LA and different phenolic compounds, including kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, quercetin, resveratrol, curcumin, catechins, phenolic acids, in the prevention and/or attenuation of metabolic disturbances associated with obesity. Additionally, information from clinical studies provides new insights for defining the doseresponse relationship of dietary compounds, necessary time of exposure and potential side effects of these NBCs in the treatment of obesity and indicates further study is needed to verify these relationships.