Declining bee populations and decreasing marketability of apiaries pose the necessity for a comprehensive monitoring of the morphological characteristics of honeybees. The monitoring was performed in an introgressive aspect for the first time in the Volga region (Samara region) to preserve the local population of the Middle Russian race (Apis mellifera mellifera L.). Moreover, the race of queen bees was identified through the assessment of drones. Based on the race identification, small population structures of the native forest bee were revealed, which is a prerequisite for restoration of its genetic resources with the corresponding restriction of the import of bees from the southern regions where other taxonomic groups are bred.

The complex biological starter (biopreservative) “Silo Twice” is related to microbiology in feed production, in particular to the technology for obtaining complex biopreservatives - preparations used for silage of feed. In the finished biopreservative fermented Silo Twice product, all nutrients of the starting material are preserved and the relative value of the feed has increased 17 units. Compared to the classic self-preservation of haylage, the introduction of Silo Twice biopreservative provides a decrease in protein losses of 2.0–2.2 times. Feeding milk cows with haylage obtained when applying Silo Twice biopreservative provides an increase in the milk yield by 8.0%, milk fat content by 0.4%. The use in the diet of dairy cows of haylage obtained with the introduction of the biopreservative Silo Twice contributed to a reduction in the cost of exchange energy and concentrates by 2.43% and 2.95%, respectively. The use in the diet of dairy cows of haylage obtained with the introduction of biopreservative Silo Twice led to the optimization of processes in the scar, an increase in the level of volatile fatty acids and bacteria, with a decrease in the amount of ammonia by 16.3%. This fact indicates an improvement in the digestibility and absorption of nitrogen in the scar of cows. Feeding milk cows for 60 days with haylage obtained when the Silo Twice biopreservative was introduced provided a savings of 2250 rubles per cow.