Forest soils are shaped by various processes, like runoff, erosion, sedimentation and bioturbation. A better understanding of the interactions between abiotic and biotic soil-forming processes, including wild boar (Sus scrofa) rooting (i.e., subsurface foraging), enhances adequate management of forest ecosystems. We hypothesized that intense soil sedimentation influences wild boar rooting occurrence and that wild boars modify the outcome of the sedimentation process by redistributing soil layers. This study was conducted in the Babat Valley, Hungary. We estimated the availability of sedimented and non-sedimented patches and the occurrence of boar rooting. Surveys and samplings were done along transects, over consecutive months, where the impact of rooting on the physical and chemical characteristics of soil was measured by comparing them between control and rooted sites. We found that non-sedimented, steep areas were preferred areas for rooting. Sedimentation processes have a higher impact on soil chemical characteristics and soil layer composition than wild boar rooting. We conclude that mitigation of soil degradation can be more effective by reducing adverse abiotic processes rather than wild boar population control.
La inclusión de la comunidad indígena wayúu en las políticas públicas del nivel nacional plantea la necesidad de aplicar estrategias que faciliten la comprensión de los sistemas de participación interculturales, sin que ello implique un detrimento a las tradiciones propias de la comunidad indígena. Uno de estos escenarios es la educación de niños y niñas wayúu en instituciones etnoeducativas oficiales en el departamento de La Guajira. El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar una propuesta para la aplicación de los Métodos Alternativos de Solución de Conflictos (MASC) en las instituciones etnoeducativas de La Guajira, en conjunto con la utilización del sistema jurídico wayúu. Lo anterior se llevó a cabo por medio de una metodología exploratoria-descriptiva y propositiva. Los resultados encontrados evidencian una problemática relacionada con el choque cultural entre los mecanismos de aprendizaje y enseñanza en las instituciones oficiales, y la metodología aplicada dentro de las comunidades indígenas. Se desarrolló una propuesta para aplicación de los MASC en las instituciones etnoeducativas, siguiendo los postulados que guían la forma de vida de los integrantes de la Nación Wayúu. Se recomienda un posterior análisis de su aplicación en un conjunto de instituciones etnoeducativas en La Guajira.
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