The facts presented in the article indicate that the only possible form of mass education in Ukraine in war conditions is synchronous distance learning. An analysis of relevant modern foreign and domestic studies has shown that researchers consider feedback in the learning process as one of the central concepts in education, paying considerable attention to the characteristics of feedback forms, including the formative one, but the ways of its implementation in the process of synchronous distance learning have not been sufficiently studied. The authors' study proves that in synchronous distance learning of ESP on the ZOOM platform, formative feedback is possible under certain technical and didactic conditions. Formative feedback is possible and should occur at all stages of the ESP session. The article describes the practices of organizing effective formative feedback used by the authors of the study while teaching all types of speech activity: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Compared to offline learning, synchronous distance learning significantly increases the share of formative peer feedback, which contributes not only to the activation of the educational process, but also to the socialization of students. The study focuses on the fact that feedback is a two-way process that affects the performance of both the recipient of feedback and the one who gives it. The results of the study can be useful for both university foreign language teachers and school teachers.

Despite the existence of norms of international public law regulating the conduct of war, during military conflicts, states completely ignore the established rules of war and go beyond common sense, committing crimes against humanity, organizing terrorist acts, and other illegal acts. In conditions where violations of the norms and rules of hostilities become a trend, it is important to investigate how international humanitarian law regulates armed conflicts, as well as the practice of international courts regarding the consideration of cases of crimes against humanity in the context of military conflicts of the 21st century. The purpose of the work is to study the practice of international judicial authorities in the investigation of crimes against humanity in the context of military conflicts of the 21st century. The research methodology consists of such methods as historical-legal, system analysis method, logical-semantic method, methods of documentary analysis, critical evaluation, and comparison. As a result of the conducted research, the peculiarities of consideration of cases regarding the commission of crimes against humanity in the conditions of military conflicts of the XXI century by international judicial bodies were considered. Thus, the concept of crime against humanity, and war crime were formed, signs of such crimes were identified, and proposals were formed to improve international legislation in terms of regulating international crimes and ways to increase the effectiveness of activities to prosecute those guilty of war crimes.

An essential component of the activity of law enforcement units is combating crimes in the field of drug trafficking. In the conditions of digitalization, significant attention is paid to the digitalization of methods of combating crimes in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the international legal experience of digitalization of methods of combating crimes in the field of drug trafficking. The research methodology includes such methods as theoretical methods (identification and resolution of contradictions, problem statement, hypothesis creation, analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, concretization), empirical methods (survey, monitoring, experiment, observation, measurement, survey, testing), methods of direct data collection (interviews, questionnaires), methods of information processing and analysis (method of generalizing indicators, method of correlation analysis). As a result of the study, the problematic issues of the international practice of digitization of methods of combating crimes in the field of drug trafficking are outlined.