Ion-exchange (number of functional group) properties and swelling capacity of leaf cell walls of plant species Betula nana, Salix polaris, Dryas octopetala and Cassiope tetragona from Western Spitsbergen Island were investigated. It was found out that cell wall of Arctic plants is cation exchanger which has similar functional groups (amine groups, carboxyl groups and phenolic OH-groups) with cell wall of boreal plants. In all investigated species, the highest percentage in the structure of the cell wall was recorded for the carboxyl groups of hydroxycinnamic acids and phenolic OH-groups, which are part of phenolic compounds. In comparison with species from other climatic zones leaf cell wall of arctic plants has in 2–3 times higher amount of ion exchange groups of all types as well as the higher values of swelling coefficients. It was proposed that the high values of the ion-exchange capacity and swelling coefficient of the cell wall of all studied species contribute to greater water flow system by the apoplast and enhance the metabolic processes in the cell wall of plants at high latitudes.

Growth of three moss species (Polytrichum commune, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi) in the forest belt of the Khibiny mountains is examined in detail. Data on the annual linear increment and its dynamics within two years, growth rate, their dependence on habitat conditions and main environmental factors are presented. The linear increments are found to be almost the same in two years with different weather conditions, being 28-33 mm/year in P. commune, 20-35 mm/year in H. splendens and 8-14 mm/year in P. schreberi. Pleurozium started growth later than the two other species, whereas in the autumn Polytrichum was the first of the three species stopping its growth. The maximum growth rate was observed in the periods of sufficient moisture with air temperature 11-17°C. The growth rates in the autumn decreased ceasing when the air temperature was 6°C and lower. The growth of endohydric P. commune is maximal in open areas in forest meadows, whereas for ectohydric mosses H. splendens and P. schreberi the most favorable conditions were openings between trees. РезюмеДетально исследован рост трех видов мхов (Polytrichum commune, Hylocomium splendens, Pleurozium schreberi) в лесном поясе Хибин. Получены данные о сезонных изменениях длины годичных приростов, скорости роста, их зависимости от условий обитания и основных факторов окружающей среды среды. Линейные приросты мхов, растущих в схожих условиях в разные годы, оказались близкими. В конце вегетации длина прироста у P. commune составила 28-33 мм, у H. splendens -20-35 мм, у P. schreberi -8-14 мм. Осенью P. сommune прекращает рост раньше, чем H. splendens и P. schreberi. Максимальную скорость роста наблюдали в условиях достаточного увлажнения при температурах воздуха 11-17 о С. При температуре воздуха 6 о С и ниже, скорость роста составляла всего 0.1-0.2 мм в сутки или рост прекращался. Максимальные показатели роста эндогидрильного мха (P. commune) наблюдали на открытых участках лесного пояса, эктогидрильных мхов (H. splendens и Pl. schreberi) -в просветах крон деревьев.

the paper presents long-term data on the main antioxidants content in 3-leaf tea flushes. the highest content of theaflavins was recorded in the forms 582, 855 and 2264 (0.12 mg/g, 0.11 mg/g and 0.11 mg/g), thearubigins (1.60 mg/g, 1.35 mg/g and 1.35 mg/g, respectively). the analysis of the data showed that the forms 855 (268.7 g/100 g) and 2264 (265.2 g/100 g) differ mostly in the number of anthocyanins. 11 amino acids were identified, the content of which shows high dynamism and varietal differences. the richest in amino acids were the cultivar 'Sochi' (2 272 mg/g) and the form 582 (1 904 mg/g). For a more complete characteristic of the studied objects, we determined the content of total polyphenols. the form 582 (17.50 mg/g) is characterized by a high content of phenols. Studies have shown that the investigated forms have significantly higher accumulation of the main antioxidants than the control cultivar 'Kolkhida'.

The results of long-term studies of the ecological and physiological features of vascular plants in the Arctic tundra on the island of Spitsbergen are presented. Data on the content of plastid pigments for 98 vascular plants species from 20 families. The range of chlorophyll content is 0,4–2,6 mg / g of fresh weight. The relationship between the content of pigments and some indicators of functional activity of Arctic plants is analyzed. The content of flavonoids in the leaves of 63 species of vascular plants was studied. It is shown that 85 % of the studied species have high and medium values (4–11 %) of the flavonoid content. This is 2–3 times higher than in similar species of the Kola Subarctic. The composition of lipids in the leaves of the dominant and rare plant species of the Arctic tundra during the active vegetation period is analyzed. It was found that the dominance of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids in total lipids depends on the cold resistance of plant species and their representation in the ecotopes of the studied territory.

Научно-информационный журнал Основан в 2010 году Выходит 11 раз в год Учредитель-Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный исследовательский центр «Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук» Свидетельство о регистрации СМИ ПИ № ФС77-58457 от 25.06.2014 выдано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций.