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The propiconazole (Prop) is a fungicide extensively used in agriculture. There are evidences that this compound may cause endocrine disrupting effects. In vitro studies have demonstrated that Prop inhibits the activity of CYP 19 (aromatase), responsible for converting androgens into estrogens and also is an androgen and estrogen receptor antagonist. Therefore, this study evaluated the reproductive toxicity of Prop treatment in male rats. The Wistar rats were divided in three groups and were treated daily, by gavage, with corn oil (control group), propiconazole 4 mg/kg (Prop 4) and 20 mg/kg (Prop 20), from post-natal day 50 to 120. The following were observed: the body weight gain, sexual behavior, testosterone and estradiol plasmatic levels, organs weight, sperm count and morphology and testicular histomorphology. There was an increase in abnormal tail morphology sperm, seminal vesicle and vas deferens weight, and a decrease in estradiol levels in Prop 4 group. Sexual behavior was affected only in the Prop 20 group. These results suggest that Prop treatment induced alterations in some reproductive parameters, what could be related with an endocrine disruption.

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