RESUMO: Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a população atingida pelos eventos adversos pós-vacinação -segundo o sexo, idade, identificação das vacinas -e analisar os eventos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em 2014, mediante observação de fichas de notificação pós-vacinação, no período de 2010 a 2013, em dois centros municipais de saúde, situados no Município do Rio de Janeiro. Foram analisadas 214 fichas com 329 eventos adversos. Os resultados mostram que o sexo feminino e a faixa etária menor de um ano foram os mais acometidos. As vacinas que mais produziram eventos adversos foram constituídas pelo adjuvante hidróxido de alumínio, sendo a Tetravalente a com o maior percentual. Os eventos adversos mais frequentes foram os leves e moderados. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro, responsável pela imunização, deve ter conhecimento dos imunobiológicos e dos seus eventos adversos para preveni-los. Palavras-Chave: Vacinação; vigilância epidemiológica; notificação; enfermagem.ABSTRACT: This quantitative, documentary study aimed to characterize the population affected by post-vaccination adverse events, by sex, age, and the vaccines, and to analyze the events. Data on 329 post-vaccination adverse events was collected in 2014 from 214 notification records completed in 2010-2013 at two municipal health centers in the Rio de Janeiro municipal area. The results show that females and under one year-olds were the most affected. The vaccines that produced most adverse events comprised the adjuvant aluminum hydroxide, with the Tetravalent formulation returning the highest percentage. The most frequent adverse events were mild to moderate. It was concluded that nurses responsible for immunization should have a knowledge of immunobiologics and related adverse events in order to prevent them.
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