Familial pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a rare, but welldescribed entity. '-3

Objectives: Investigating the hazardous effect of Phototherapy on Platelet counts in healthy neonates with Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH). Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Paediatrics, SMBB Medical College Layari General Hospital, Karachi, Sindh. Period: January 2018 to May 2019. Material & Methods: A sample of 313 neonates suffering from NH was selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood Platelets were counted at baseline, and 24, 48 and 72 hours of phototherapy. Statistical software SPSS 21.0 (IBM, Incorp, USA) was used for data analysis using paired t-test and Pearson`s Chi- square test at P≤0.05. Results: Platelet counts at 24, 48 and 72 hours of phototherapy were found 2.97±0.45×109/L, 3.38±0.48×109/L and 3.52± 0.47×109/L respectively. Platelet counts at 24, 48 and 72 hours showed statistically significant difference compared to baseline counts (P<0.05). A statistically insignificant decline in total population platelet count after phototherapy was noted (P>0.05). However, thrombocytopenia was noted in 9 (2.87%) cases; comprising mild and moderate in 7 (2.23%) and 2 (0.64%) cases respectively. Conclusion: The present study observed thrombocytopenia in 9 (2.87%) of total cases; of which mild and moderate thrombocytopenia occurred in 7 (2.23%) and 2 (0.64%) cases respectively.

To determine the frequency of malarial hepatopathy in children that are visiting Lyari General Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Study design Cross sectional descriptive study. Material and methods Patients with age between two months and 15 years, who had positive blood film for Plasmodium falciparum or P. vivax, were included in the study. All patients were monitored for malarial hepatopathy. Result A total of 241 cases were included in the study. Mean age at admission was 4.1 ± 1.3 years and male to female ratio was 1.2:1. There were 133 (55.2%) cases of P. vivax, while 108 (44.8%) were of P. falciparum. Malarial hepatopathy was observed in 37 patients (15.4%). Malaria hepatopathy was present in 24.1% and 8.3% children having P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively. Malaria hepatopathy was present in 24%, 18% and 6% in age groups two months to five years, >5 years to 10 years and >10 years, respectively. Conclusion Malarial hepatopathy was observed in about one-sixth of study population and it was more common between two months and five years age group.

Objectives: Analysis of Clinical and Prognostic significance of Serum Albumin in Acute Ischemic Stroke and its correlation with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS). Study Design: Case control study. Setting & Period: Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro from March 2016 to June 2017. Subjects & Methods: A sample of 100 cases of acute ischemic brain stroke (AIS) and 100 controls were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical criteria of NIHSS and mRS were calculated. Blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis. Albumin was analyzed between 2 groups and its correlation with NIHSS and mRS was estimated by Pearson`s correlation. Data was analyzed on Statistical Package SPSS 22.0 software and Microsoft excel sheet (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Serum albumin was found low in AIS cases 3.86±0.68 g/dl compared to controls 5.16±0.34 g/dl (P=0.0001). Of 100 AIS cases, 23% patients died and 77.0% survived. Bivariate analysis shows serum albumin was inversely associated with NIHS score and mRS (r= -0.596, P=0.0001) (r= -0.720, P=0.0001) respectively. Conclusion: Low serum albumin adversely affects the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke patients.

Objective: Determining the predictive significance of first trimester serum uric acid for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women. Study Design: Case Control study. Setting: Department Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shaheed Muhtrama Benazir Bhutto Medical College Layari General Hospital Karachi. Period: March 2017 to December 2018. Material & Methods: Sample of 172 pregnant women in first trimester (<14 weeks gestation) were divided into; 72 controls and 72 cases through purposive sampling. Pregnant women with fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥100 mg/dl were defined as GDM. FBG was estimated by hexokinase and uric acid by enzymatic method (uricase) using commercial colorimetric assay (Nikken Seal Co., Ltd, Japan). Data was analyzed on SPSS software 21.0 (IBM, Inc USA) at 95% CI. Results: Maternal age of control and cases was noted 30.23±1.47 and 30.14±1.41 years. Gestational age in controls was 9.80±2.23 weeks compared to 10.37±2.34 weeks in cases. Serum Uric acid in control was 3.19±0.49 mg/dl compared to 3.73±0.43 mg/dl in cases (P=0.0001). Logistic regression analysis model generated ROC curve shows excellent area under the curve (AUC) of 0.92 [95% CI (0.87-0.97)] with a diagnostic threshold of 3.91 mg/dl for uric acid. At this Uric acid threshold, the specificity and sensitivity was 96.4% and 69.7% respectively (P=0.0001). Conclusion: It is concluded first trimester serum uric acid may be used for predicting the future development of gestational diabetes mellitus.