The aim of the research is to find out the food crops base commodities, the food crops base commodities that are competitive and have a fast growth, and food crops base that are potential to be development priorities. The data used is secondary data covering all 20 districts in Merauke Regency. This study uses Location Quotient analysis and Shift Share analysis, as well as combination of both analyses. This study shows that rice is the food crops base commodity in six districts, corn in eight districts, soybean in three districts, cassava in sixteen districts, sweet potato in fifteen districts, peanut in five districts, and mung bean in seven districts. Basic food crop commodities that have fast growth are corn commodity that found in eight districts, and cassava in fifteen districts. The basic food crop commodities that become development priorities are cassava as the main priority commodity in one district, and second priority commodity is in fourteen districts. Corn as the second priority in five districts, and soybean as the second priority commodities in one district.