Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one of the commonest cause of acute abdominal emergencies in obstetric practise with a case fatality rate of 1-3 % in developing countries. Therefore, it is imperative to diagnose the unruptured ectopic pregnancy to prevent morbidity and mortality Materials and Methodology: This was a prospective observational study of 1 year with the sample size of 44 cases out of 976 newly diagnosed first trimester pregnancies. Results: The incidence was found to be 4.5 % with the majority of a cases belonging to the age group of 31-34 years and lower socioeconomic class. Clinical presentation was mostly between gestational age 4-8 weeks with 70.5% being multigravida. Out of all risk factors, history of previous abortion was found to be most common. Most common presentation of the cases was pain abdomen. Out of all 79.5% cases were ruptured and 20.5% were unruptured. Ampullary region was the commonest site and majority of the cases were managed laparoscopically. Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy is still major challenge because of its bizarre clinical presentation. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are the key factor for prevention of mortality and morbidity. Therefore, strong suspicion and multidisciplinary approach with blood transfusion facilities and early tertiary care referral will go a long way to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Intrauterine passage of meconium may be due to fetal hypoxia, or it may simply indicate a normal gastrointestinal tract maturation. Umbilical cord blood pH is the best available criterion for detecting fetal hypoxia and making appropriate decisions about care after birth.To determine the correlation of umbilical cord arterial blood pH with meconium stained liquor and neonatal outcome. To determine whether the mode of delivery had any influence on the occurrence of acidemia in the neonate complicated with meconium stained liquor. A prospective observational study was conducted for a period of 6 months. Immediately following delivery in pregnancies complicated with meconium stained liquor, blood was drawn from the umbilical artery and sent for arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. Neonatal outcome parameters and mode of delivery were then recorded in a pre-designed proforma. There was a statistically significant correlation between abnormal pH (acidosis) and thick meconium stained liquor. Neonatal outcome parameters like Apgar scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes, intravenous antibiotic administration, NICU admission and oxygen supplementation were statistically significant when correlated with the pH level.The degree of meconium thickness independently correlates with the composite adverse neonatal outcome. Cases with meconium stained liquor should be monitored vigorously with timely interventions and proper neonatal resuscitation, especially the ones with thick meconium stained liquor, in order to prevent adverse neonatal outcome.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) has become an important cause of pregnancy loss, with major emotional implications to the couple experiencing such an event. Increasing age of women, smoking, obesity or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and a previous history of miscarriage and various infections are also considered risk factors for RPL. A thorough clinical history and examination, maternal serum biochemistry and ultrasound ndings are important to determine the treatment options and provide valuable information for the prognosis. A woman who do not have a explanation for the RPL maybe subjected to ano-genital swab culture to identify infections, as chronic and subclinical infections can cause abortion. As bacterial vaginosis has been already established with causing recurrent pregnancy loss and preterm delivery. Here we are presenting a case of successful pregnancy outcome following treatment for GBS vaginal infection where other possible aetiologies were ruled out.

Cornual ectopic pregnancy accounts for 2-4% of all the ectopic pregnancies with a mortality rate 6-7 times higher than that of the ectopics in general. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the clinician with a significant risk of rupturing and bleeding. As of yet, the incidence of recurrent cornual ectopic pregnancies is unknown. This report described the case of a patient who developed two cornual ectopic pregnancies within a span of 3 years with an intervening full term normal vaginal delivery. The 1st cornual ectopic was successfully managed by laparoscopic resection, which was followed by an uneventful postoperative course. The following contralateral cornual ectopic was managed by laparotomy since the patient presented with large hemoperitoneum.

The study evaluates the effectiveness of maternal anthropometric measurements of our population with estimated fetal weight as an additional parameter to predict Cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD). Materials and Method:The prospective study conducted in a tertiary care center involved 353 primigravida over 37 weeks of gestation with singleton pregnancy admitted at Nazareth hospital, Shillong, Meghalaya, India. Anthropometric measurements included maternal height, bis-acromial diameter, foot length, estimated fetal weight and vertical and transverse rhomboid diameters. Based on mode of delivery, patients were divided into two groups -CPD group and No CPD group. Results: Out of 353 patients, 141 (40%) had CPD and 212 (60%) had no CPD. High positive predictive values for CPD was demonstrated for maternal height, foot length, bis-acromial diameter and rhomboid dimensions. The risk factors predicted for CPD in this study were height ≤142 cm, foot length ≤20cm, Bisacromial diameter ≤ 32.5 cm, Michaelis rhomboidtransverse and vertical diameters ≤9 cm and 9.5 cm, respectively, and estimated fetal weight ≥3255 gm. Conclusion: Generally, the women in this region are of short stature with an average height of 142 cm. The anthropometric measurements of this population vary from the other populations accordingly. Hence, knowledge of these parameters and their usage will help in early CPD anticipation and timely referral of these patients to tertiary centers. Measuring maternal and fetal parameters is easy and a reproducible skill that can be transferred to midwives in the rural area for better antenatal care.