Background: Ectopic pregnancy is one of the commonest cause of acute abdominal emergencies in obstetric practise with a case fatality rate of 1-3 % in developing countries. Therefore, it is imperative to diagnose the unruptured ectopic pregnancy to prevent morbidity and mortality Materials and Methodology: This was a prospective observational study of 1 year with the sample size of 44 cases out of 976 newly diagnosed first trimester pregnancies. Results: The incidence was found to be 4.5 % with the majority of a cases belonging to the age group of 31-34 years and lower socioeconomic class. Clinical presentation was mostly between gestational age 4-8 weeks with 70.5% being multigravida. Out of all risk factors, history of previous abortion was found to be most common. Most common presentation of the cases was pain abdomen. Out of all 79.5% cases were ruptured and 20.5% were unruptured. Ampullary region was the commonest site and majority of the cases were managed laparoscopically. Conclusions: Ectopic pregnancy is still major challenge because of its bizarre clinical presentation. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are the key factor for prevention of mortality and morbidity. Therefore, strong suspicion and multidisciplinary approach with blood transfusion facilities and early tertiary care referral will go a long way to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Scar endometriosis is the implantation of endometrial glands and stromal cells at the incision site following obstetrics and gynaecological surgery. Although incidence is very rare, women in the reproductive age with no history of endometriosis, presents with complaints of cyclical pain at the scar due to any previous surgeries is highly suspicious of scar endometriosis. Treatment of choice is excision. Diagnosis is by histopathological examination of the excised tissue. We report a case of scar endometriosis presenting 5 years after caesarean section and emphasised on diagnosis and treatment.

Abdominal pregnancy is a rare obstetric complication with high maternal mortality and even higher perinatal mortality, and it can be primary or secondary with the latter being the most common type. This is a case of abdominal pregnancy in gravida 2, para 0+1 women admitted to the hospital with h/o amenorrhoea for two and a half months, with the chief complaints of pain abdomen for one week which was severe that day for which she attended emergency. Ultrasonography revealed a single live intra uterine pregnancy with a solid retro gestational sac collection, with a CRL of 11W3D. She was initially managed conservatively. Surgical intervention became necessary on day 9th when with the rising fundal height and drop in Hb levels, under general anaesthesia.

Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a novel surgical biomaterial which has shown immense healing and regenerative potential with diverse clinical applications. Surgical excision is a routinely employed treatment modality for mucosal oral lesions with or without grafting or repair of the base of the wound. We proposed a hypothesis that covering of the base of excised lesion with this platelet rich fibrin membrane can accelerate the rate of physiological healing process and regeneration. To evaluate the role, efficacy, advantages and adverse effects if any, of placement of PRF membrane grafts over surgical excision sites of oral mucosal lesions. Platelet rich fibrin membrane graft was prepared as per recommendation and established protocols. Patients were selected for surgical excision of localized, superficial oral mucosal lesions after meticulous clinical and radiological considerations and informed consent was taken. After laser excision with safe margins, the base of wound was covered with PRF membrane graft, stitched in place by 3-0 vicryl sutures. The operated site was clinically evaluated at regular intervals and a healing score was calculated and statistically tabulated on the basis of various parameters of healing. A total of 34 patients were included in the study with a male preponderance (21 males and 13 females). Satisfactory and clinically acceptable wound healing was observed in most of the patient with minimal morbidities. Surgical site demonstrated good healing score and clinically complete healing with good epithelialisation was achieved in all patients. Platelet rich fibrin membrane is an effective grafting biomaterial after excision of oral mucosal lesions as it enhances the rate of healing with minimal complications. We recommend further multicentre studies with higher sample size to explore its utility and clinical applications in different avenues of oral and head neck surgery.