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Background: Various agents are used these days for increasing the esthetics. One such procedure is bleaching that offers various advantages, as it is minimal invasive and cheap option to color the teeth and remove stain. The altered enamel after the bleaching process shows surface demineralization and porosities. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different bleaching agents on the microhardness of enamel. Materials and methods:A total of 100 freshly human extracted maxillary premolar teeth were selected for the study. Teeth with sound tooth structure were included for the study. All the specimens were randomly divided into four groups with 25 specimens in each group depending upon the type of bleaching agent used: Group A, artificial saliva (Control group); Group B, 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP); Group C, 25% HP; Group D, 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). Knoop Hardness Number (KHN) was calculated at 24, 48-hour, and 7-week interval.

Introduction Dental problems serve as additional burden on the children with special health care needs (CSHCN) because of additional hospitalization pressure, they face for the treatment of various serious medical problems. These patients have higher incidence of dental caries due to increased quantity of sugar involved in the drug therapies and lower salivary flow in the oral cavity. Such patients are difficult to treat with local anesthesia or inhaled sedatives. Single-sitting dental treatment is possible in these patients with general anesthesia. Therefore, we conducted this retrospective analysis of oral health status of CSHCN receiving various dental treatments in a given population. Materials and methods A total of 200 CSHCN of age 14 years or less reporting in the pediatric wing of the general hospital from 2005 to 2014 that underwent comprehensive dental treatment under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients with history of any additional systemic illness, any malignancy, any known drug allergy, or previous history of any dental treatment were excluded from the study. Complete mouth rehabilitation was done in these patients under general anesthesia following standard protocols. Data regarding the patient's disability, type, duration, and severity of disability was collected and analyzed. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Chi-square test, Student's t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were used to assess the level of significance. Results Statistically significant results were obtained while analyzing the subject's decayed missing filled/decayed extracted filled teeth indices divided based on age. Significant difference was observed only in cases where patients underwent complete crown placement even when divided based on type of disability. While analyzing the prevalence, statistically significant results were observed in patients when divided based on their age. Conclusion In CSHCN, dental pathologies and caries indices are increased regardless of the type or extent of disability. Clinical significance Children with special health care needs should be given special oral health care, and regular dental checkup should be conducted as they are more prone to have dental problems. How to cite this article Solanki N, Kumar A, Awasthi N, Kundu A, Mathur S, Bidhumadhav S. Assessment of Oral Status in Pediatric Patients with Special Health Care Needs receiving Dental Rehabilitation Procedures under General Anesthesia: A Retrospective Analysis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):476-479.

Dental anxiety is a common problem that affects people of all ages and appears to develop mostly in childhood and adolescence. Dental anxiety in children has been recognized as a problem in patient management for many years. It is important that dentists are able to assess dental anxiety in child patients as early as possible so that they may identify patients who are in special need with regards to their fear. Age, gender and socioeconomic status play an important role as determining factors in dental anxiety, hence should be considered while measuring dental anxiety. Materials and Methods: A randomized control study was conducted in 4 to 8 years old children using two scales. A list of children from 14 schools in Gautam Budh Nagar district (U.P.) was collected and 1025 children were randomly selected. The children were asked about how they feel when they visit a dentist, by VPT and FIS separately their role with gender, age and socioeconomic was evaluated. Aim: To do comparative evaluation of role of gender, age and socioeconomic status on perceived dental anxiety of 4 to 8 years old children using two scales. Results: Among 1025 children, 532(51.9%) were males and 493 (48.1%) were females. Age wise comparison of both scales score revealed that mean FIS score was statistically significant and higher than mean VPT scale among 7 and 8 year age groups. Among 4, 5 and 6 year age group, no statistically significant difference was found between two scales. Conclusion: Dental anxiety is found to increase with increasing age. Females had a similar level of anxiety as compared to males and Children from low SES had a high level of dental anxiety than children from high SES.

Accountability of any health system does not ends with improving health. The vulnerability (to incur catastrophic health expenditure and coping mechanism) of this slum population was mostly pertaining to availability of acceptable healthcare services, accessing healthcare services and being forced to pay for it out-of-pocket. Determinant factors for vulnerability to incur catastrophic health expenditure and coping mechanism majorly included services availed. Determinants that affected the choice of coping mechanism were availing ANC/PNC services (OR = 3.8; P < 0.05); availed out-patients services for two or more times (OR = 2.6; P < 0.05); and availed in-patients services for one or more times (including deceased members in last one year) (OR = 10.2; P < 0.001). Similarly, households vulnerable to incur CHE were those which paid to avail in-patients services for one or more times (OR = 55.3; p < 0.001), childbirth services for one or more times (OR = 6.5; p < 0.05) Out-patient services (OR = 11.3; p < 0.001), and ANC/PNC services (OR = 6.7; p < 0.05. The household with more number of the households were two times more likely to incur CHE (OR = 2.5; p < .0001).